Peripheral Nerve Blocks

Question 1

Hypoechoic

Answer 1

Substance through which sound easily passes. Appears dark or black.

Question 2

Hyperechoic

Answer 2

Substance through which sound waves reflect. appear bright or white.

Question 3

Curved probe is good for…

Answer 3

Deeper structures

Question 4

Liner probe is good for…

Answer 4

Superficial nerves, undistorted image, 1st choice for practitioners.

Question 5

In-place needle alignment

Answer 5

Needle points towards length of transducer.

Question 6

Out of Plane alignment

Answer 6

Needle inserts perpendicular to transducer

Question 7

Biracial Plexus Block

Answer 7

Interscalene
Supraclavicular
Infraclavicular
Axillary

Question 8

How many...
Roots
Trunks
Divisions
Cords
Branches

Answer 8

5 roots
3 trunks
6 divisions
3 cords
5 branches

Question 9

Brachial Plexus Block

Answer 9

C5-C7 (Shoulder and upper arm)

Question 10

Contraindications to Interscalene Blocks:

Answer 10

Local infection
Severe Coagulopathy
Local anesthetic allergy
Patient refusal

Question 11

Other consideration with Interscalene blocks:

Answer 11

Horner’s Syndrome

• pitosis (drooping of eyelid
• miosis
• anhydrosis redness/flushing) cervicothoracic ganglion (sympathetic nerves are blocked)

Question 12

Complications of Supraclavicular Block

Answer 12

Horners syndrome
RLN palsy
Pneumothorax (#1 worrisome)
Subclavian artery puncture

Question 13

pKa Controls:

Answer 13

Onset

Question 14

Protein controls:

Answer 14

Duration

Question 15

Lipid controls:

Answer 15

Potency