Peripheral Intravenous Access Flashcards
10 RIGHTS OF DRUG ADMINISTRATION
Drug
Patient
Dose
Route
Time & Frequency
Documentation
History & Assessment
Drug approach & Right to Refuse
Drug-drug Interaction & Evaluation
Education & Information
Indications for intravascular drug administration
- Parenteral Nutrition
- Administering of medications
- Restoring and maintaining fluid electrolyte balance
- Transfusion of blood
- To provide a lifeline for rapid medications
- Administration of contrast media
- Blood vessels outside of the heart are divided into two classes:
(1) – –, which transport blood through all parts of the body from the left ventricle and back to the right atrium
(2) – –, which transport blood from the right ventricle through the lungs and back to the left atrium
systemic vessels, pulmonary vessels
The systemic and pulmonary vessels together constitute the
Peripheral circulation
The – provides the major force that causes blood to circulate
heart
peripheral circulation functions to:
Carry blood
Exchange nutrients, waste products & gases
Transport
Regulate blood pressure
Direct blood flow
CARRIES BLOOD TO THE ARMS AND HANDS
SUBCLAVIAN ARTERIES
LARGEST ARTERY
AORTA
CARRIES BLOOD TO THE HEAD
CAROTID ARTERIES
CARRIES BLOOD TO THE LIVER
HEPATIC ARTERY
CARRIES BLOOD TO THE SMALL INTESTINES
MESENTERIC ARTERY
CARRIES BLOOD TO THE KIDNEYS
RENAL ARTERY
CARRIES BLOOD TO THE LEG AND FEET
ILIAC ARTERY
VENOUS CIRCULATION - UPPER BODY
head
jugular vein
subclavian vein
superior vena cava
heart
VENOUS CIRCULATION - LOWER BODY
lower extremities & trunks
iliac vein
renal vein
hepatic portal vein
hepatic vein
inferior vena cava
heart
Advantages:
*None
Disadvantages
* Difficult to stabilize
* Fragile, small and have decreased blood flow
Digital veins on lateral sides of fingers
Advantages
* Superficial - easy to locate
* provide a natural splint, which makes IV site stable.
Disadvantages
* May roll in elderly patients
* More painful site of insertion
Metacarpal veins
Advantages
* Large - easy to locate
* Radial bone provides a natural splint.
Disadvantage
* Decreased mobility and self-care
Cephalic vein on radial aspect of forearm
Advantages
* Large vein - easy to palpate.
* Ulnar bone splints the IV.
Disadvantages
* Location on the inner surface of the arm makes IV insertion difficult.
* IV insertion in median basilic vein near the antecubital fossa
Basilic vein on ulnar aspect of forearm
Advantage
– Large - easy to locate
Disadvantage
– IV insertion near the antecubital fossa decreases mobility
Median antebrachial& cubital veins on ventral aspect of arm
Advantage
*Preferred in children as they are less
likely to dislodge IV
Disadvantages
* Deeper and closer to arteries and nerves
* More painful site of insertion
*Pooling and stasis of blood flow in adults
increases the risk for – or
deep vein thrombosis
Dorsal plexus, dorsal arch, and great saphenous vein on dorsal aspect of foot
thrombophlebitis
The veins of the hand and arm tolerate – & – (5%)solutions.
saline, dextrose
The larger, central veins are used for more concentrated solutions such as – –, – – – (–); or to deliver large volumes of fluid or irritating medications.
25% Dextrose, Total parenteral nutrition(TPN)
inflammation of the vein’s inner lining, tunica intima.
Phlebitis
