Peripheral Circulation

Question 1

what 3 tissue layers are in arteries and veins

Answer 1

Tunica intima: Innermost layer consisting of a single layer of endothelial cells.

❖Tunica media: Comprised mostly of smooth muscle and is the contractile
portion.

❖Tunica adventitia: Consists mainly of connective tissue

Question 2

do capillaries have no media or adventitia layers?

Answer 2

• Capillaries have no media or adventitia layers.

Question 3

what is the function of metaarterioles

Answer 3

• Metarterioles connect capillaries and arterioles.

Question 4

T/F : The lymphatic system is closely associated with lymphoid organs and
tissues, including bone marrow, thymus, lymph nodes, and spleen

Answer 4

True

Question 5

what is the primary role of the lymphatic system

Answer 5

The primary role of the lymphatic system is to return lymph to the
circulation.

Question 6

list some functions of the lymphatic system

Answer 6

Circulation of immune cells
• Transport of antigen-presenting cells to lymph nodes
• Filtration of debris, pathogens, and cancerous cells from lymph through
lymph nodes
• Absorption of lipids from the digestive system and transport to the blood

Question 7

how is lymph ultimately returned into the central venous circulation?

Answer 7

• Lymph is ultimately returned into the central venous circulation
through the thoracic duct and lymphatic duct

Question 8

• Flow through a specific tissue can be altered either by changes in

Answer 8

prefusion or resistance

Question 9

coronary circulation is fed by what arteries

Answer 9

• The coronary circulation is fed by the right and left coronary arteries
that originate from the aorta.

Question 10

The left coronary artery gives rise to what

Answer 10

The left coronary artery gives rise to the left anterior descending
artery and the circumflex artery.

Question 11

what are the 3 layers of hte heart

Answer 11

Endocardium: Innermost layer is connective tissue lined by
endothelial cells
• Myocardium: Muscular layer, forms bulk of heart wall
• Epicardium: Outer connective tissue layer of the heart, forms visceral
pericardium

Question 12

where does venus drainage from the heart go

Answer 12

• The venous drainage of the heart returns blood to the coronary sinus,
which empties into the right atrium.• The venous drainage of the heart returns blood to the coronary sinus,
which empties into the right atrium.

Question 13

Compression of the coronary circulation caused by contraction of what

Answer 13

Compression of the coronary circulation caused by contraction of
myocardium.

Question 14

what 2 things affect coronary blood flow

Answer 14

Compression of the coronary circulation caused by contraction of
myocardium.

• Powerful metabolic vasodilation during diastole.

Question 15

does coronary blood flow increase or decrease during exercise

Answer 15

increase

Question 16

what supplies the place where gas exchange andnutrient and waste exchange occur in the placenta

Answer 16

• Two umbilical arteries

Question 17

what supplyies oxygen and nutrients to the

fetus.

Answer 17

the umbilical vein

Question 18

what is the ductus venosus

Answer 18

a shunt between the umbilical vein and the
inferior vena cava. Most of the blood from the placenta passes
through the liver while a fraction passes directly into IVC through
ductus venosus.

Question 19

what is the Foramen ovale

Answer 19

Foramen ovale, shunts blood from the right to the left atrium,
bypassing the right ventricle and pulmonary circulation.

Question 20

what is the Ductus arteriosus?

Answer 20

Ductus arteriosus, another right-to-left shunt between the pulmonary
artery and the aorta.

Question 21

is pressure higher on the left or right side of the heart

Answer 21

• Note that pulmonary vascular resistance is high. Pressure is higher on
right side of the heart, thus forcing the blood to the left side.