Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Hematology Block 1 > Peripheral Blood Smear > Flashcards

Peripheral Blood Smear Flashcards

1
Q

The area of central pallor in a normal RBC should be about ____ of total RBC diameter

A

1/3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Anisocytosis:

A

red cells which vary widely in size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The RDW mathematically measures the:

A

range of red cell sizes (standard deviation of the sizes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Microcytosis refers to:

A

red cells that are small

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

You can use the _____ as a visual RBC size reference, or you can use the ____

A

Lymphocyte nucleus; MCV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Differential diagnosis of microcytosis includes:

A

Iron deficiency

Thalassemias

Lead poisoning

Sideroblastic anemia

Anemia of chronic disease (usually normocytic)

Hemoglobin C disease and trait

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Macrocytosis refers to:

A

large red cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Differential diagnosis of macrocytosis includes:

A

–B12/folate deficiency

–Liver disease

–Thyroid disease

–Chemotherapy (hydrea in particular)

–Anti-retrovirals (AZT)

–Aplastic anemia

–MDS

–Elevated reticulocyte count

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is shown in the photo?

A

Macrocytic RBCs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Most MDS patients are ____cytic, but MDS is a potential cause of ____cytosis.

A

Most MDS patients are NORMOCYTIC, but MDS is a potential cause of MACROCYTOSIS.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Hypochromasia:

A

refers to red cells that have too little hemoglobin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

In Hypochromasia, the area of central pallor is more than ___ the total red cell diameter

A

1/3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Hypochromasia is measured by ____

A

the MCH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Macrocytosis is measured with

A

MCV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is shown in this image?

A

Hypochromasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is shown in this image?

A

Polychromasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Polychromasia:

A

refers to red cells that have more of a bluish tinge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Polychromasia cells are generally LARGER/SMALLER and are probably _____

A

larger; reticulocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is shown in this image?

A

Poikilocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Poikilocytosis:

A

refers to red cells that vary widely in shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the difference between poikilocytosis and anisocytosis?

A
  • Poikilocytosis refers to red cells that vary widely in shape.
  • Anisocytosis refers to red cells that vary widely in size.
22
Q

What is shown in this image?

A

Target Cells (which often look like bullseyes)

23
Q

Differential diagnoses of Target Cells:

A

–Liver disease

–Thalassemias

–Hemoglobin C

–After splenectomy

24
Q

What is shown in this image?

A

Spherocytes (have loss of central pallor)

25
Q

What diseases are characterized by spherocytes?

A

–Hereditary spherocytosis

–Autoimmune hemolysis

26
Q

If presence of spherocytes is due to ________ (disease), the cells are smaller (i.e. _______)

A

If due to autoimmune hemolysis;

cells are smaller (microspherocytes)

27
Q

What is shown in this image?

A

Schistocytes (red cell fragments with sharp edges)

28
Q

Schistocytes are the hallmark of _________

A

Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia (MAHA)

29
Q

What is shown in this image?

A

Sickle Cells

(although this slide also contains target cells)

30
Q

What is shown in this image?

A

Echinocytes, or burr cells

have small, regular projections

31
Q

Echinocytes are also called

A

Burr Cells

32
Q

Echinocytes or Burr Cells are often seen in _____ disease

A

renal

33
Q

Acanthocytes are also called what?

A

Spur Cells

34
Q

Acanthocytes or Spur Cells are see in ___ disease

A

liver

35
Q

What is shown in this image?

A

Acanthocytes; have larger, irregular projections

36
Q

Teardrop cells are seen in ______, which are diseases of ________

A

Teardrop cells are seen in MYELOPHTHISIC PROCESSES, which are diseases of MARROW INFILTRATION

37
Q

What is shown in this image?

A

Teardrop cells

38
Q

Teardrop cells can be seen in what diseases? (5)

A
  • Myelofibrosis
  • Tumor metastatic to marrow
  • Granulomatous diseases
  • Leukemias and lymphomas
  • Sometimes in massive splenomegaly
39
Q

What is shown in this image, and what are they?

A

Howell-Jolly bodies;

peripheral, small, round, purple inclusions within red cells that represent nuclear remnants

40
Q

When are Howell-Jolly bodies seen?

A

After splenectomy or after cases of splenic hypofunction

41
Q

What abnormal RBC types are seen after splenectomy?

A

Howell-Jolly bodies, target cells, acanthocytes, schistocytes, nucleated red cells

42
Q

What is shown in this image?

A

Rouleaux - linear arrangements of red cells

43
Q

What disorders can lead to rouleaux formation?

A
  • They are typically seen in disorders with increased levels of immunoglobulin, such as Multiple Myeloma or Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia.
  • Severe hypo-albuminemia can also lead to rouleaux formation
44
Q

What is shown in this image?

A

Red cell agglutination, which occurs when the red cells are coated with IgM.

Unlike rouleaux, the red cell clumbs are not orderly and linear

45
Q

Red cell agglutination occurs when the red cells are coated with _____

A

IgM (which is large enough to bridge two red cells and cause agglutination)

46
Q

What is disease is indicated in this image?

A

Iron deficiency anemia

(characterized by hypochromic, microcytic cells, as well as increased number of platelets)

47
Q

What is shown in this image?

A

Iron deficiency anemia

48
Q

What are A-E in this image?

A

A. Target cells

B. Howell-jolly body

C. Nucleated red cell

D. Schistocyte

E. Basophilic stippling

•Teardrops can also be seen

49
Q

What disease is suggested by this peripheral blood smear?

A

Beta-thalassemia major

50
Q

What is shown in this image?

A

Megaloblastic anemia;

  • Red cells are macrocytic
  • Hypersegmented neutrophils can be seen
51
Q

What is shown in this image?

A

Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA)

  • Polychromasia (black arrows)
  • Microspherocytes (green arrows)
52
Q

What disease is indicated by this peripheral blood smear?

A

Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia (MAHA)

Hematology Block 1 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions