Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

*Yr5 Path Haem* > Peripheral Blood Films > Flashcards

Peripheral Blood Films Flashcards

1
Q

Describe Acanthocytes

A

RBCs that show many spicules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What conditions result in Acanthocytes

A

Liver Disease
Hyposplenism
(Abetalipoproteinaemia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe Basophilic RBC stippling

A

Accelerated erythropoiesis or defective Hb synthesis
Small dots (rRNA) seen at periphery of RBCs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What conditions result in Basophilic RBC stippling?

A

Lead poisoning
Megaloblastic anaemia
Myelodysplasia
Liver disease
Haemoglobinopathy e.g. thalassaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe Burr cells (echinocytes)

A

Like a sea urchin with regular spicules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What conditions result in Burr cells

A

Often artefact if blood has sat in EDTA prior to film being made

Uraemia
Renal failure
GI bleeding
Stomach carcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are Heinz bodies?

A

Inclusions on the very edge of RBCs due to denatured Hb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What conditions result in Heinz bodies?

A

G6PD deficiency (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase)
Chronic liver disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What do Howell-Jolly bodies look like?

A

Purple spots in RBCs
(Basophillic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are Howell-Jolly Bodies?

A

Nuclear remnants in RBCs

(If RBC is nucleated, purple spot will be much bigger)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What conditions result in Howell-Jolly bodies?

A

Post-splenectomy
Hyposplenism (e.g. sickle cell disease, coeliac disease, congenital, UC/Crohn’s, myeloproliferative disease, amyloid)
Megaloblastic anaemia
Hereditary spherocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does describing a peripheral blood film as Leucoerythroblastic mean?

A

There are nucleated red blood cells AND myeloid precursors in the peripheral blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What conditions result in a leucoerythroblastic peripheral blood film?

A

Bone marrow infiltration i.e. myelofibrosis
Malignancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe Pelger Huet cells

A

Hyposegmented neutrophils - 2 lobes like a dumbell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are Pseudo-Pelger Huet cells?

A

Hyposegmented neutrophils that are hypogranular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What conditions result in Pelger Huet cells?

A

Can be congenital (lamin B receptor mutation)
or acquired
Myelogenous leukaemia

17
Q

What conditions result in pseudo-pelger huet cells?

A

Myelodysplastic syndromes

18
Q

What are polychromatic cells caused by?

A

Presence of DNA in RBCs
They are usually reticulocytes

19
Q

Describe polychromatic cells

A

Bluish red blood cells

20
Q

What conditions result in increased polychromasia?

A

Usually increased in response to a shortened RBC lifespan
e.g. Haemolytic anaemia

21
Q

What conditions result in reduced polychromasia?

A

Aplastic anaemia
Chemo

22
Q

What is right shift?

A

Increased ratio of Hypermature white cells - polysegmented polymorphs (>5 lobed nuclei)

23
Q

What causes right shift?

A

Megaloblastic anaemia
Uraemia
Liver disease

24
Q

What is left shift?

A

Increase in the ratio of immature white cells - unsegmented ‘band’ nuclei

25
Q

What does a left shift indicate?

A

The reserve pool of cells is being released from the bone marrow in response to increased consumption of the circulating mature cells e.g. in infection

26
Q

What is Rouleaux formation?

A

Red cells stacked on top of each other like chips in a casino

27
Q

What causes Rouleaux formation?

A

Chronic inflammation
Paraproteinaemia
Myeloma

28
Q

What are Schistocytes?

A

Fragmented parts of RBCs
Typically irregularly shaped with sharp edges and no central pallor

29
Q

What conditions result in formation of schistocytes?

A

Microangiopathic anaemia
e.g.
DIC
Haemolytic uraemic syndrome
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Pre-eclampsia

30
Q

Describe spherocytes

A

Spherical RBCs - often a little smaller

31
Q

What conditions result in spherocytes?

A

Hereditary spherocytosis
Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia

32
Q

Describe stomatocytes

A

RBCs where a rod or slit-like pattern replaces the central zone of pallor

33
Q

What conditions result in stomatocytes?

A

Can be preparation artefact
Hereditary stomatocytosis
High alcohol intake
Liver disease

34
Q

Describe target cells

A

Bull’s-eye appearance in central pallor

35
Q

What conditions result in target cells?

A

Liver disease
Hyposplenism
Thalassaemia
Iron deficiency anaemia

36
Q

What is the common name for codocytes?

A

Target cells

*Yr5 Path Haem* (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions