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CADCAM > Periotomes, Lexators and elevators > Flashcards

Periotomes, Lexators and elevators Flashcards

1
Q

As we move from the anterior teeht to the posterior teeth what is the difference in buccal plate thickness

A

Anterior buccal plate is thinner

Posterior buccal plate is thicker

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2
Q

Is the cortical plate thick or thin?

A

Thick

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3
Q

As we get older or when we do extractions what happens to the mandible?

A

Gets thinner

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4
Q

What are the 3 principles of exodontia?

A

Expansion of bony socket

Separation of the attachment of the periodontal ligament

Separation of the attachment of the gingival soft tissue

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5
Q
A
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6
Q

During post extraction healing the alveolar ridge undergoes what amount of horizontal loss and vertical reduction?

A

Horizontal loss - 3.8mm

Vertical reduction 2.4mm

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7
Q

Post extraction does the buccal or lingual plate exhibit more resoption?

A

Buccal

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8
Q

Which of these can impact the healing process?

A. Medical history

B. Social history

C. Dental History

A

Medical History

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9
Q

What are the 4 key stages to healing?

A
  1. Angiogenesis
  2. Bone formation
  3. Bone growth
  4. Re-organisaion of bone
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10
Q

in the first 24-48 hours of healing what occurs?

A

Clot formation

Fibrin meshwork

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11
Q

In the first 7 days of healing what occurs?

A

24 - 48 hours - clot formation and fibrin meshwork

7 days - Epithelial migration over the socket

Clot becomes granulation tissue

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12
Q

In the first 20 days of healing what happens?

A

Granulation tissue becomes collages and early bone

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13
Q

In the first 8 weeks what happens in healing?

A

Bone marrow occupies the socket replacing woven bone

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14
Q

Extraction of teeth causes trauma, what happens post trauma?

A

Haemorrhage, bleeding into the socket, platelet aggregation, clot formation

After 2-3 days inflammatory cells migrate and new tissue starts to form

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15
Q

During angiogenesis what occurs?

A

Healing from the base of the socket upwards

Last area to heal is the top of the mucosa

It takes 6 months for bone to fully reorganise

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16
Q

What are the 3 bone preserving extraction techniques?

A
  1. Sever the connective tissue fibres
  2. Minimuse soft tissue reflection
  3. Section multi-rooted teeth
17
Q

What are the 3 key hand instruments used in extraction?

A
  1. Periotomes
  2. Luxators
  3. Elevators
18
Q

How are periotomes used?

A

Use anteriorly

Long axis of the blade is inserted into the inter-proximal region along the long axis

Push the instrument into the PDL along the mesial and distalside of tooth until it severs the PDL immediately below the alveolar crest

Wait 10-20 seconds with periotome insitu

as the tooth is pushed against the alveolus bone with expand

tooth will exit the socket

19
Q

How wide is the blade of the periotome?

A

3 - 4mm

20
Q

What is the length of the blade of the Luxator?

A

3 - 5 mm

21
Q

What is the make of the plastic handled luxators?

A

Directa

22
Q

What do luxators sever?

A

Tooth and bone

23
Q

What do you consider when choosing the size luxator?

A

Choose a size that is similar to the root diameter 3-5mm

24
Q

What angle do you use the luxator for anterior and posterior teeth?

A

Anterior - straight

Posterior - angled

25
Q

What is the steps to using a luxator?

A

Apply axial pressure as you work down the root surface

Rock and sever the PDL

As space is created air will fill the apial socket

breaking the vacuum and allowing easy removal of the tooth

26
Q

What size luxator would you use for anterior teeth?

A

Size 3

27
Q

What size luxator would you use for posterior teeth?

A

size 5

28
Q

What are the two ways to use an elevator?

A

Horizontally along the long axis of the tooth rotating around the fulcum

Horizontally along the long axis of the tooth to widen the socket similar to luxation

29
Q

What are the 3 techniques for elevators?

A

Lever

wedge

Wheel and Axle

30
Q

What is the consequece of using an elevator and how can it be avoided?

A

When using a luxator a lot of pressure can be applied to the adjacent tooth so use luxators to prevent this

31
Q

Which instrument is this?

A

Luxator

32
Q

What instrument is this?

A

Cryers

33
Q

Which instrument is this?

A

Couplands

34
Q

Which instrument is this?

A

Warwick James

CADCAM (1 decks)

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