Perioperative Nursing Flashcards
What is perioperative nursing ?
- delivery of nursing care through framework of nursing process
- includes preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative
What is Preoperative phase ?
- time before surgery
- begins when the decision to have surgery is made and ends when client is transferred to OR table
What is Intraoperative phase ?
- time spent during surgery
- begins when client is transferred to OR table and end when client is admitted to PACU/recovery room
What is Postoperative phase ?
- period after surgery is completed
- begins with admission of client to PACU/recovery room and ends when healing is complete
What are the types of Intraoperative Nurse ?
- Scrub nurse (prepares/provides sterile surgical equipment, supplies to surgeon during procedure)
- Circulating nurse (coordinates and documents patient care in OR)
- RN first assistant (handling tissue, suturing and maintaining homeostasis)
What does the surgical team consist of ?
- Patient
- Nurse
- Surgeon
- Anaesthesiologist
- CRNA
- Surgical technicians
- RNFA
What are the Classifications of Surgery ?
- Degree of urgency
- Purpose
- Degree of risk
What are the types of Degree of Urgency ?
- Emergency surgery
- Urgent surgery
- Required surgery
- Elective surgery
- Optional surgery
What is Emergency surgery ?
- done immediately to save life or preserve function of body part
- control internal hemorrhage
- eg. Fractured skull, gun shot, stab wounds, extensive burns
What is Urgent surgery ?
- requires prompt attention and necessary for clients health
- may prevent development of additional problems
- eg. Removal of gallbladder stones
What is Required surgery ?
- patient needs to have surgery, plan within few weeks/months
- eg. Hip replacement, cataracts
What is Elective surgery ?
- should have surgery but failure to have it is not catastrophic
- eg. Repair of scars, vaginal repair
What is Optional surgery ?
- decision rests with patient/ personal preference
- cosmetic surgery
What are the purposes of surgery ?
- Diagnostic (confirm/establish diagnosis)
- Exploratory (laparotomy)
- Curative (remove/repair damaged/diseased tissue)
- Palliative (relieve/reduce pain)
- Ablative(excision/removal of diseased body part)
- Constructive/ reconstructive (restores function/appearance)
- Cosmetic (improve personal appearance)
- Transplant (replace malfunctioning structure)
What are the Degrees of Risk ?
- Major surgery (high risk)
2. Minor surgery (low risk)
