Perioperative Nursing

Question 1

includes all those activities that occur from the time the patient is transferred to the operating room until he or she is transferred to the recovery facility.

Answer 1

intraoperative phase

Question 2

includes all activities that prepare the patient for surgery

Answer 2

preoperative phase

Question 3

involves the period after the patient is discharged from the recovery facility and ends with the resolution of all surgical consequences

Answer 3

postoperative phase

Question 4

immediate postoperative care usually is given in a designated area of the hospital or ambulatory care facility

Answer 4

postanesthesia care unit (PACU)

Question 5

surgeries that are now performed in ambulatory surgical centers

Answer 5

cholecystectomies, appendectomies, and hernia repairs.

Question 6

what helps maintain peripheral circulation, and prevent DVT

Answer 6

leg exercises, anti embolic hose, and sequential compression devices (SCDs)

Question 7

helps rebuild tissues and promotes wound healing

Answer 7

protein and vitamins A & C

Question 8

technique used during surgical procedures to prevent infection

Answer 8

aseptic techinique

Question 9

a hypermetabolic disorder of skeletal muscle that can be induced by some anesthetic agents, including certain inhalants and muscle relaxants.

Answer 9

malignant hyperthermia

Question 10

before surgery, the patient usually receives this status to prevent aspiration during the surgical procedure

Answer 10

NPO status

Question 11

condition in which there is significantly decreased bowel function

Answer 11

paralytic ileus

Question 12

ability to understand what is happening is limited. May perceive the experience as strange, frightening, and lonely. Traumatic

Answer 12

newborn and infant

Question 13

separation anxiety is more pronounced. More aware of their surroundings.

Answer 13

toddler and preschooler

Question 14

have an increased understanding of surgery and many of the activities that a surgical procedure will entail. Benefit from a more detailed preoperative teaching program

Answer 14

school age child and adolescent

Question 15

helps patients understand what will occur during each phase of the surgical experience and how they can participate in their own recovery.

Answer 15

Preoperative teaching

Question 16

one’s own blood

Answer 16

autologous blood

Question 17

obtained before any surgical procedure and is an important legal document. The surgeon is legally responsible for obtaining this

Answer 17

informed consent

Question 18

important for providing fluid and electrolyte replacement, administering IV meds, providing a route for emergency meds, and administering blood products

Answer 18

IV access

Question 19

what IV device should be used in case a blood transfusion is necessary during the surgical or postoperative period?

Answer 19

large gauge (e.g., 18 gauge)

Question 20

may be necessary for patients who have not been NPO before surgery.

Answer 20

Nasogastric decompression

Question 21

enemas, suppositories, laxatives, and oral antibiotics

Answer 21

bowel preparation for surgery

Question 22

provides continual monitoring of blood pressure during the procedure and allows ready access for laboratory studies such as arterial blood gases, hematocrit, and electrolytes

Answer 22

arterial line

Question 23

wears a sterile gown, mask, headgear, gloves, disposable shoe covers, and eye protection and provides the surgeon with required instruments, sponges, drains, and other equipment.

Answer 23

scrub person

Question 24

manages patient care in the operating room environment and protects the patient’s safety and healthy needs

Answer 24

circulating nurse

Question 25

protocol that is in place to prevent avoidable errors by standardizing procedures for all surgical facilities.

Answer 25

Surgical verification

Question 26

involves all members of the surgical team where final oral verification occurs, confirming that the correct patient is in the room and is positioned correctly and that the site/procedure is agreed upon before the incision is made

Answer 26

procedural pause or "time-out"

Question 27

effectively produces analgesia, relaxes muscles, and results in a sleeplike state

Answer 27

general anesthetic

Question 28

produces decreased sensation and pain in selected body parts by way of nerve blocks, intrathecal blocks, or epidural blocks.

Answer 28

regional anesthetic

Question 29

depresses superficial peripheral nerves and blocks conduction of pain impulses from their site of origin

Answer 29

local anesthetic

Question 30

may be administer either intravenously or by inhalation

Answer 30

general anesthesia

Question 31

involves the use of IV sedation administered during a surgical or diagnostic procedure to alter the patient's conscious state, thereby allaying fear and anxiety

Answer 31

moderate sedation (procedural sedation or conscious sedation)

Question 32

material used to sew an incision together. can be absorbable or non-absorbable

Answer 32

suture

Question 33

what must the patient be able to do before discharge?

Answer 33

void, be able to ambulate, be alert and oriented, have minimal nausea and vomiting, have adequate pain/comfort control, and exhibit no excess bleeding or drainage

Question 34

what is needed to minimize the risk of atelectasis and prevent possible respiratory complications?

Answer 34

deep breathing, coughing, turning and positioning, early and aggressive ambulation, and the use of incentive spirometry.