Perioic Table Flashcards
What is the Periodic Table a list of?
Elements
Two main categories of elements
Metals and nonmetals
What are group 1 called?
Alkali Metals
Group 1 examples
Lithium, sodium and potassium
Properties of group 1 metals
Very soft and stores under oil to keep air and water away from them because when they react with water they form metal hydroxides
products of group 1 metals with water
(Metal) hydroxide and hydrogen
Trend in reactivity in group 1
Gets more reactive as you descend
Word equation for reactions of group 1 metals and water
Metal + Water ————> Metal Hydroxide + Hydrogen
How to test for hydrogen
Squeaky Pop Test - Light a splint and hover over test tube. If a squeaky pop sound is heard, hydrogen is present
Group 2 name
Alkali Earth Metals
observations and products when group 2 are added to water
Forms a metal hydroxide and hydrogen and the metals dissapear
Examples of group 2
strontium, calcium and magnesium
Trend in reactivity group 2
More reactive as descends
Reactivity comparison group 2 to group 1
Group 2 less reactive than group 1
Group 7 name
Halogens
Colour and state and use of fluorine
Yellow gas used for insulation for electrical tower
Colour and state and use of chlorine
Yellow green gas used for disinfect water
Colour and state and use of bromine
Red brown liquid used for agriculture
Colour and state and use of Iodine
Black solid used for thyroid health
Diatomic molecule
Two atoms of same or different elements that are chemically bonded
Trend in reactivity in the halogens
The reactivity decreases as it descend
Staircase metals from non metals
From Boron, smaller side is non metal
Test for metal/non metal electricity
This experiment tests the conduction of electricity by clipping the substance onto two wires and attaching it to a circuit to see if the bulb will still light up.
Non/metal experiment test conducts
The second experiment tests if the substance conducts heat. To do this, you get a beaker of hot water and put the materials in. You then start the clock and touch the ends of the substances to see if they are warm.
All group 1 appearance and when cut
Black to silver
Lithium with water observations
Floats, fizzes steadily and becomes smaller, disappears
Sodium with water observation
Melts to form a ball that moves on the surface, fizzes rapidly, hydrogen produced my burn with an orange flame before the sodium dissapears
Potassium with water observation
Melts and floats, moves very quickly on the surface, hydrogen ignites instantly, metal is set in fire with sparks and a lilac flame, small explosion at the end
