periods 1-3 Flashcards
European impact on the americas
European presence spread disease, new religions, and European colonies throughout south America
Columbian Exchange of goods and plants and people–impact on Europe (food) and on the Americas (animals, disease, slavery)
europeans in south America created a large plantation style farming system in the Americas and caused the deaths of many natives taken into slavery or suffered under European diseases which they lacked immunity, they also brought over new European foods and animals. the natives returned many plants and a few diseases of their own, but not nearly as much as the europeans.
Compare English to French, Spanish, Dutch colonies
English were trying to expand and form population centers, while the French dutch, and Spanish were trying to make money. The Dutch through controlling trade, the french through furs, and the Spanish through cash crops.
Jamestown
John Smith, not well run/competition for resources, need for labor, vulnerable to native attacks)
European conflicts
french and indian/7 years war was the main one, but also the English invasion of New York.
Mercantilism
Navigation Acts, Salutary Neglect, colonies exist for the support of colonists
Mayflower Compact
puritans vowing to act as a shining city on a hill to set a example for colonies
Puritans vs. Anglicans, northern vs. southern (culture, politics, motives, climate, health, etc.)
puritans where their more for their religous independence and to form new communities, the anglicans where more for profit, to gain new wealth rather than form religious communities
English Civil War
the English fought within themselves over the powers of the king vs. parliament after he failed to call parliament into session, eventually killing him but the Scottish king and queen took over. later leading a lot of rebels to flea to the americas
Bacon’s Rebellion
thought to be more of a attempt to gain power by bacon by forcing back natives, but was ultimately a early example of the poor teaming up against the rich in America, also leading to the shift from indentures to slaves
Navigation Act
requiring British ships from the Americas to come first to Britain before seeking more profits, but ended up encouraging smuggling
Native American interactions/conflicts (who they sided with)
a few natives have sided with the English but it has lead to the destruction of those in most cases (Pequot). most sided with the french especially during the 7 years war as the french did not wish to take their land, just to trade furs.
Zenger Case
a colonial journalist published an article accusing the governor of corruption and the jury in his trial would acquit him setting a precedent of American freedom of the press.
First Great Awakening
pan-colonial, influenced by British preachers, threatening to the established churches, attracted different denominations and did not preach one set of ideas
George Whitefield, Jonathan Edwards (Great Awakening preachers)
notable great awakening preachers due to their powerful sermons and ability to draw large crowds
