Periodontium: Parts of the Tooth and its Supporting Structures Flashcards
What does Periodontium mean?
Structures that surround, support, and are attached to the teeth.
What are the four tooth tissue? Identify which ones are hard or soft
Hard tissue: enamel, dentin, cementum,
Soft tissue: dental pulp
What forms on the outer surface of the atomic crown?
Enamel.
What is the thickest over the tip of the crown and thins at the cervical line?
Enamel
T/F The colour of enamel varies with its thickness and mineralization.
True. The thicker the enamel, the whiter the tooth and increased mineralization causes increased translucency.
What tissue is the hardest in the human body, where its chemical composition is 96% in inorganic matter and 4% organic matter and water?
Enamel. This hard surface is resistant to wear from chewing forces and bacteria and acid attack
What dental tissue forms the main body of the tooth and is wrapped in an envelope of enamel on the crown and cementum on the root?
Dentin.
What tissue is hard, dense, and calcified, and not as hard as enamel but harder than cementum or bone?
Dentin.
What soft tissue is 70% inorganic and 30% organic matter and water?
Dentin.
What tissue has the amazing ability to add to itself?
Dentin.
What tissue is formed throughout the pulp chamber after eruption?
Secondary Dentin.
What tissue is laid down as a protective measure against caries or trauma?
Reparative dentin. (tertiary dentin)
What tissue is a bonelike substance that covers the root with a composition is 45-50% inorganic and 50-55% organic matter?
Cementum.
Name the tissue that’s function is to provide a medium for the attachment of the tooth to the alveolar bone and this anchor protects the tooth.
Cementum.
What tissue is thin at the cervical line and thickens closer to the apex?
Cementum.
The union of the enamel and cementum is the ________.
CEJ, Cementoenamel junction.
The union of the dentin and cementum is the _________.
DEJ, DEntinocemental junction.
What type of cementum covers the apical third of the tooth and can reproduce itself through cells called cementoblasts?
Cellular cementum.
What type of cementum covers the entire anatomic root?
Acellular cementum.
What tissue is composed of blood vessels, lymph vessels, connective tissue, nerve tissue and dentin-forming cells call odontoblasts?
Dental pulp.
What tissue is surrounded by dentin and the walls of the pulp cavity are lined with odontoblasts which form dentin?
Dental pulp.
The dental pulp is divided into a pulp chamber and pulp canals. Together these are called ______.
Pulp cavity.
In the pulp cavity the _____ is the coronal portion of the tooth with the most coronal called pulp horns.
Pulp chamber.
In the pulp cavity, the _______ is located in the roots of the tooth.
Pulp canals.
What portion of the jaw supports the teeth?
Alveolus process (bone).
What is the bony socket in which the tooth sits in?
Alveolar socket.
The _______ _____ is the whole crown of the tooth that is covered by enamel, regardless of whether it is erupted.
Anatomical crown.
The ______ ______ is the portion of the tooth that is visible in the mouth and may vary because of changes in the position of the gingiva.
Clinical crown.
The _____ _____ is the portion of the root that is covered with cementum regardless of eruption.
Anatomical root.
The ____ ____ is the unerupted portion of a tooth. It may be the same as the anatomical root or different depending on eruption and gingival recession or overgrowth.
Clinical root.
Teeth can have single roots or multiple roots with ________ or _______-roots that are divided into two or three portions respectively.
Bifurcations or trifurcations.
Each root has an end which is call the _______.
Apex.
At the root tip or apex there is a small opening called a ______.
Foramen.
The _____ _____ is dense connective tissue organized into fiber groups that connects the cementum covering the root of the tooth with the aveolar bone of the socket wall.
Periodontal Ligaments.
Name all the alveolodental groups fibers?
Apical group, Oblique group,
Horizontal group, Alveolar Crest group, Interradicular group.
What fiber group runs from the apex of the tooth to the adjacent alveolar bone?
Apical fiber group.
What fiber group resists extraction and forces/occlusal stresses?
Apical fiber group.
What fiber group run from coronal cementum to the alveolar bone?
Oblique fiber group.
What fiber group resists occlusal stresses?
Oblique fibre group.
What fiber group run from cementum to the alveolar crest (horizontally)?
Horizontal fiber group.
What fiber group resists horizontal/twisting movement?
Horizontal fiber group.
What fibre group run from cementum apical to alveolar crest of bone?
Alveolar crest fiber group.
What fiber group resists horizontal movement?
Alveolar crest fiber group.
What fiber group only is in only on multi-rooted teeth and run from alveolar crest of bone to adjacent cementum between roots only?
Interradicular fiber group.
What fiber group resist extraction forces/occlusal stresses?
Interradicular fiber group.
What fibre group run from cementum to the free and attached gingiva and support the gingiva?
Gingiva fiber group.
What fiber group has circular (circumferential) gingival fibers run around the free gingiva and hold gingiva to tooth?
Gingiva fiber groups
What fiber group run from cementum of interproximal of one tooth to the cementum of interproximal of adjacent tooth (crosses the alveolar crest of bone)?
Transseptal fiber group.
What fiber group hold teeth in interproximal contact?
Transseptal fiber group.
The gingiva is attached to the tooth through collagen fibers formed by _________.
Fibroblasts.
______ ______ are all fibers that are embedded in cementum and pass out the cementum in small bundles.
Sharpeys Fibers.
