Periodontium In Health

Question 1

There is always ? In the oral tissues the primary cause is ?

Answer 1

Inflammation
Plaque

Question 2

Features of healthy periodontium 5

Answer 2

Pink/racial pigmentation
Stippled
Knife-edge margin to the tooth
Papillae exactly fill the interdental space
No bleeding on probing from the base of the pocket

Question 3

Features of unhealthy periodontium 5

Answer 3

red swollen/inflamed gingiva with
loss of knife-edge margin
papillae over or under-fill the interdental space
loss of stippling
bleeding on probing from the base of the pocket

Question 4

bleeding on probing from the base of the pocket is evidence of what?

Answer 4

active disease at that site at that time

Question 5

the primary cause of gingivitis is what?

Answer 5

plaque induce inflammation

Question 6

is there loss of attachment/clinical loss of attachment in gingivitis?

Answer 6

no

Question 7

is gingivitis reversible?

Answer 7

yes

Question 8

what is a false pocket?

Answer 8

base of pocket is not below ACJ (no LOA)
plaque induced inflammation causes gingival swelling

Question 9

what is a true pocket

Answer 9

base of pocket is below ACJ -LOA
can still get plaque induced swelling so gingival margin may still cover the ACJ

Question 10

primary cause of periodontitis?

Answer 10

plaque-induced inflammation

Question 11

is there loss of attachment in periodontitis?

Answer 11

yes

Question 12

is periodontitis reversible?

Answer 12

no

Question 13

how does inflammation occur in the gingival sulcus? 3

Answer 13

plaque biofilm enters sulcus from gingival margin over time

junctional epithelium has wide spaces between keratinocyte cells

plaque bacteria and their toxins leak into underlying gingival connective tissue

Question 14

what are the two groups of histological clinical gingival health

Answer 14

pristine gingival health - long term excellent oral hygiene

clinically healthy gingiva - adequate levels of oral hygiene maintained

Question 15

compare how pristine gingival health and clinically healthy gingival look clinically?

Answer 15

the same

Question 16

what is physiological immune surveillance

Answer 16

Always neutrophils guarding the leaky junctional epithelium even in clinically healthy gingiva

Question 17

what should pocket depths be in healthy gingiva?

Answer 17

3mm or less

Question 18

is there more gingival crevicular fluid in healthy vs unhealthy gingiva?

Answer 18

more in unhealthy gingiva

Question 19

gingival crevicular fluid contains? 3

Answer 19

various plasma proteins
defence cells-proteins
- neutrophils
- antibodies
- complement
growth factors

Question 20

name 5 host mechanisms to prevent bacterial invasion

Answer 20

• outward flow of gingival crevicular fluid (washing effect)
• high turnover of junctional epithelium cells
• inflammatory and immune cells killing microorganisms
• immunoglobulins/complement system killing microorganisms
• normal healthy bacterial flora restricts growth