periodontal tissues

Question 1

what is periodontium comprised of

Answer 1

4 main ligament s
- Periodontal ligament
- Alveolar Bone
- Gingiva (Gum) –including junctional epithelium
-cementum

Question 2

what is the periodontal ligament and where is it found

Answer 2

dense fibrous connective tissue
found in periodontal space between tooth and alveolar bone - around 0.2mm wide

Question 3

what does the periodontal ligament contain

Answer 3

cells
fibres (principally collagen)
ground substances
water
nerves
blood vessels

Question 4

PDL functions

Answer 4

• Attachment : tooth-bone
• Support – Suspensory system, Shock absorber
• sensory - heavily innervated

Question 5

what is gingiva

Answer 5

a type of oral mucosa

Question 6

what are the functions of oral mucosa

Answer 6

– Protection
* mechanical
* bacterial
* chemical
* prevent dehydration - acts as a barrier
– Sensation (lots of nerves) – richly innervated
– secretion
– thermal regulation (blood vessels help warm or cool)

Question 7

what is oral mucosa comprised of

Answer 7

2 tissues = epithelium and connective tissue (lamina propria)

Question 8

what are the 3 types of mucosa

Answer 8

• masticatory mucosa (thick) (roof of mouth)
• lining mucosa (pushes food to toung) (cheek)
• specialised mucosa - Gustatory Mucosa – receptors for the sensation of taste (top of tung)

Question 9

what does periodontium mean

Answer 9

around tooth

Question 10

alveolar bone

Answer 10

contains root of tooth and keeps it in place

Question 11

what is cortical bone

Answer 11

high in mineral content and very dense to support jaw and protect it

Question 12

what is role of trabecular bone

Answer 12

reduce weight of jaw as it is spongy and cancellous
increases area for blood vessels and nerves

help anasthetic to reach tooth quickly due to it being soft and spongey

Question 13

lamina dura

Answer 13

has high mineral content. allows solution to go in and out

Question 14

why do we have mucosa in mouth

Answer 14

To allow food to move and push it to swallow.
prepare mouth for swallowing

Question 15

where is the gingival mucosa

is it thick or thin? and why?

describe the physical features of gingival mucosa

Answer 15

• Masticatory Mucosa - around teeth and palate
• (relatively) thick
  epithelium because its exposed to most trauma there for tough to resist physical forces
• Keratinised
• Pink
  -Firm
• Stippled

Question 16

describe alveolar mucosa

Answer 16

• Lining Mucosa - areas in mouth not subject to great forces and stress
• (relatively) thin
  epithelium
• Non-keratinised
• Red due to rich blood supply beneath it
• Loose/mobile
• Smooth

Question 17

where do we insert local anesthetic

Answer 17

inot lininng mucosa as it is flexible and can be less painful

into masticatory mucosa - tighlyly bound down - can hurt

Question 18

where do we inject local anaesthesia

Answer 18

the peridontal space

Question 19

what is one of the roles of the fibres in the PDL

Answer 19

they attach the alveolar bone to the basal bone

Question 20

describe the appearance of the attached gingiva

Answer 20

firm and stippled and light in colour

Question 21

what is the Mucogingival junction

Answer 21

separation between attached gingiva and alveolar mucosa