Periodontal indices 10/7/15 Flashcards
What is the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index? (OHI-S)
a method to assess oral cleanliness by estimating the tooth surface covered with debris and or calculus
What are the components of the OHI-S?
- Simplified Debris index
- Simplified calculus index
What are the tooth #s used in the OHI-S?
Facial of: 3, 8, 14, 24
Lingual of 19 and 30
OHI score = ?
Debris index + Calculus index
What is a good OHI score?
0 = excellent
- 1-1.2 = good
- 3 - 3.0 = fair
- 1 - 6 = poor
What is the plaque index?
PI assesses the amount of plaque at he gingival margin, examining the same anatomical units as the GI.
What is the range of the plaque index?
0-3
- Probe used to distinguish between 0 and 1
- visible plaque is a 2 or 3
- PI is computed for tooth, subject or population
Describe the Turesky Modification of the Quigley-Hein PI…..
0 = No plaque 1 = Spots of plaque at cervical margin 2 = thin continuous band of plaque at cervical margin less than 1mm. 3 = A plaque band greater than 1mm but less than 1/3 of crown height. 4 = Plaque covering more than 1/3 of crown height but less than 2/3. 5 = Plaque covering more than 2/3 of crown height.
The Quigley-hein PI is biased towards ______.
The gingival third of the tooth surface.
_______ is the most frequently used plaque index in clinical trials.
Turesky Mod. of the Q-H PI
What are the “other” PI’s?
Modified Navy PI
Irritants Index
Patient Hygiene Performance Index
Plaque control record
Describe the NIDR Calculus Index…..
0 = Calculus is absent 1 = Supra-gingival calculus, but no sub gingival calculus is present 2 = Supra and sub gingival calculus is present, or only sub gingival.
Describe the Volpe-Manhold Index….
- Determines the quantity of supra gingival calculus
- Uses lingual surface of lower anterior teeth (22-27)
- Quantity is determined in mm of calculus along the 2 diagonal and the central lines drawn over the lingual surface of each tooth.
- Index expressing in mm and is computed for tooth, subject and populations.
What is the most frequently used calculus index in longitudinal studies?
Volpe-Manhold Index
What is the Papillary-Marginal-Attachement (PMA Index)?
Facial gingival is divided into 3 scoring units:
Papillary
Marginal
Attachement
*Gingival units affected with gingivitis are counted, presence or absence of inflammation is counted as 1 and 0 respectively.
What is the Gingival Index?
The severity of inflammation is assessed in 4 distinct gingival areas: Distofacial papilla, facial margin, mesofacial papilla, lingual gingival margin.
*Scores 0-3: bleeding is considered. Presence of bleeding automatically = >2
When is the Gingival Index helpful?
Useful for the calculation of prevalence and severity in population and individuals
Describe the Modified Gingival Index….
Scores 0 - 4
0 = no inflammation, normal appearance
1 - 2= slight change in color, no change in texture
3 = Inflammation and glazing, redness, edema and hypertrophy
4 = severe inflammation and marked redness, edema, hypertrophy, bleeding, congestion or ulceration
What is the BOP Index (bleeding on probing)?
- Bleeding tendency assessed upon probing with standardized pressure.
- Bleeding is observed 15sec following retracting of probe
- Presence or absence of bleeding is scored as 1 and ) respectively NOT TO BE CONFUSED WITH BLEEDING IN GI INDEX.
BOP is a valid indicator for _______, but a poor indicator of ____________.
- periodontal stability
- Periodontal breakdown
What is the Extent and Severity Index (ESI)?
Disease is defined as attachment loss >1mm
Describe the Periodontal Index System (PI)….
0 = negative
1-2 = gingivitis
6 = gingivitis with pocket formation
8 = advanced destruction with loss of masticatory function
*Entire circumference of tooth is inspected VISUALLY and given a score
Which teeth are examined in the PI?
All of them!
What are the components of the Periodontal Disease Index System? (Not PI)
- Gingival status
- Crevicular measurements
- Periodontal Disease Index
- Plaque Criteria
- Calculus Criteria
- Head circumference
J/k on the last one
How is the Periodontal Disease Index scored?
1,2,3 = Severity of Gingivitis 4 = Initial attachment loss less than 3mm 5 = Moderate attachment loss greater than 3mm but less than 6mm 6 = Advanced attachment loss >6mm
How are teeth examined using the Periodontal Disease Index?
4 areas per tooth are examined USING A PROBE. The most severe score tabulated and used for the calculation of the subjects PDI.
What is the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN)?
Primarily designed to assess periodontal treatment needs in underserved parts of the world.
- Uses special probe
- 10 teeth are examined and worst finding is record per sextant.
- Out of 6 scores the worst score determines treatment need score.
What are the periodontal status scores of the CPITN?
1 = BOP 2 = calculus felt during probing, crevicular depth less than 3mm 3 = Probing depth of 4mm or 5mm 4 = probing depth greater than 6mm
