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Chemistry A2 > Periodicity (period 3) > Flashcards

Periodicity (period 3) Flashcards

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1
Q

The reaction of Na with water

A

2Na(s) + 2H₂O(l) → 2NaOH (aq) + H₂(g)

Vigorous reaction, fizzing, molten ball on surface

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2
Q

The reaction of Mg with water

A

Mg + 2H₂O → Mg(OH)₂ + H₂ (magnesium hydroxide coats magnesium and stops further reaction)
Mg + H₂O(g) → MgO + H₂

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3
Q

Observation when sulfur reacts with oxygen

A

Blue flame (formation of SO₃ requires a catalyst)

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4
Q

Observation when aluminium, silicon, and phosphorous react with oxygen

A

White flame

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5
Q

Observation when sodium reacts with oxygen

A

Yellow flame

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6
Q

Observation when magnesium reacts with oxygen

A

Bright white flame and white powder formed

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7
Q

Structure and bonding of Na₂O

A

Giant ionic lattice, ionic bonding

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8
Q

Structure and bonding of MgO

A

Giant ionic lattice, ionic bonding. Higher charge density than Na₂O so higher melting point.

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9
Q

Structure and bonding of Al₂O₃

A

Giant ionic lattice, ionic bonding with covalent character due to high charge density of aluminium ion.

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10
Q

Structure and bonding of SiO₂

A

Giant covalent lattice, covalent bonding

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11
Q

Structure and bonding of P₄O₁₀

A

Simple covalent molecule, covalent bonding. Big molecule with lots of van der waals forces btwn molecules so high mpt.

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12
Q

Structure and bonding of SO₂

A

Simple covalent molecule, covalent bonding.

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13
Q

Which element in period 3 has the highest melting point?

A

Silicon, because it has a giant covalent lattice in which a lot of energy is required to break covalent bonds

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14
Q

What experiement would be used to test for ionic bonding?

A

Melt substance and check if it conducts electricity. Will not conduct in a solid state

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15
Q

Are metal oxides basic or acidic?

A

Basic

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16
Q

What is the term used to describe something that is both basic and acidic?

A

Amphoteric- Al₂O₃

17
Q

Are non-metal oxides basic or acidic?

A

Acidic

18
Q

Structure of phosphate anion

A

Removal of H+ means that electrons from pi (double) bond spread to form a delocalised system.
Tetrahedral shape [PO₄]³⁻ 109.5

19
Q

Structure of Sulphate (IV) anion

A

Pyramidal, 107

[SO₃]²⁻

Chemistry A2 (16 decks)

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