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AQA Chemistry Unit 5 > Periodicity > Flashcards

Periodicity Flashcards

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1
Q

Properties of Sodium

A

Metal, Metallic bonding, Shiny when exposed to air, conducts electricity, reacts with dil acids to produce hydrogen and salts

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2
Q

Properties of Magnesium

A

Metal, metallic bonding, shiny when exposed to air, electrical conductor, reacts with dil acids to give hydrogen and salts

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3
Q

Properties of Aluminium

A

Metal, metallic bonding, shiny when exposed to air, electrical conductor, reacts with dil acids to give hydrogen and salts.

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4
Q

Properties of Silicon

A

Semi-Metal, Semi-conductor of heat

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5
Q

Properties of Phosphurus

A

Non-metal, covalent bonding, electrical insulator, low tm and tb.

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6
Q

Properties of sulphur

A

Non, metal, covalent bonding, electrical insulator, low tm and tb.

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7
Q

Properties of Argon

A

Very unreactive, non metal, acts as separate species

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8
Q

Properties of chlorine

A

Low tm/tb, non-metal, non-conductor, covalent

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9
Q

Reactions of Sodium:

A

2Na+2H20—->2NaOH+H2 -HIGH pH due to being v soluble. VIGOROUS FIZZING
2Na+O.5O2—–>Na2O BRIGHT YELLOW FLAME/WHITE SOLID.

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10
Q

Reactions of Magnesium

A

Mg+2H2O(l)—->Mg(OH)2+H2—->water, not very reactive sparingly soluble.

HEAT Mg WITH STEAM
Mg+H2O(g)—->MgO + H2

Mg+0.5O2—–>MgO BRIGHT WHITE FLAME/WHITE POWDER.

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11
Q

Reactions of Aluminium

A

4AL+3O2—->2Al2O3- WHITE POWDER FORMED.

Heated and lowered into gas jar containing O2/

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12
Q

Reactions of silicon

A

Si+O2—->SiO2 strongly heated in oxygen. white powder.

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13
Q

Reactions of RED phosphorus

A

Must be heated before reacting with oxygen.

4P+5O2—->P4O10

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14
Q

Reaction of WHITE phosphorus

A

occurs SPONTANEOUSLY.

4P+5O2—->P4O10

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15
Q

Phosphorus product in limited oxygen

A

P2O3

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16
Q

Reactions of Sulphur

A

Heated then lowered into gas jar of O2
S+O2—>SO2
S+3/2O2—->SO3

17
Q

Reactions of Chlorine

A

Only with WATER

Cl2+H2O—->HClO+HCL

18
Q

Reactions of Argon

A

TRICK QUESTION NO REACTION DUE TO CHEMICALLY UNREACTIVE AND SPEARATE ATOMS.

19
Q

Structure of Na2O

A

Giant ionic lattice,
ionic bonding extends throught the compound
High tM.

20
Q

Structure of MgO

A

Giant ionic lattice,
Ionic bonding extends throughout the compound.
High tM.

21
Q

Structure of Al2O3

A

Giant ionic lattice with covalent characteristics as Al3+ is small and highly charged, can approach the O2- very closely and distorts its electron cloud causing sharing of electrons.
Ionic bonding extends throughout compound,
High tM.

22
Q

Structure of SiO2

A

Giant macromolecular structure
LOTS of covalent bonding, extends throughout compound
High tM

23
Q

Structure of P4O10

A

Simple molecular structure,
separately covalently bonded molecules
Only has v.d.w and dipole-dipole
Small tm and tb

24
Q

Structure of SO2/SO3

A 
Simple molecular structure
with separately covalently bond molecules
Only has v.d.w and dipole-dipole.
Small tm and tb.
GASES
25
Q

Reactions of Sodium Oxides

A

WITH WATER:
Na2O+H2O—->2Na+ + 2OH- pH 14
WITH ACID e.g.
NA2O+H2SO4—->Na2SO4 + H2O SALT + WATER ONLYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY

26
Q

Reactions of Magnesium Oxides

A

WITH WATER

MgO+H2O—->Mg(OH)2—-> Mg2+ + 2OH-

27
Q

Reactions of Aluminium Oxides

A

NO REACTION W/WATER AS IONIC LATTICE WITH COVALENT CHARACTERISTICS, BONDS TOO STRONG TO SEPARATE AND INTERACT WITH WATER.

AMPHOTERIC: AS BASE
Al2O3+ 6HCl—->2AlCl3+3H2O
AS ACID: HOT CONC NaOH
Al2O3+2NaOH+3H2O—->2NaAl(OH)4

28
Q

Reactions of SiO2

A

Insoluble in WATER as Covalent bonding is too strong for it to interact with water macromolecular.
CaCO3—–>CaO+CO2
CaO+SiO2—–>CaSiO3

29
Q

Reactions of P4O10

A

Reacts with Water to form H3PO4
P4O10+6H2O—->4H3PO4
H3PO4——>H+ + H2PO4-

Reacts violently with water to form H3PO4- HAS 3OH- GROUPS which reacts with acidic H+
P4O10+6H2O—->4H3PO4-weak acid with strong base
H3PO4+NaOH—->NaH2PO4+H2O
NaH2PO4+NaOH—->Na2HPO4+H2O
Na2HPO4+NaOH—->Na3PO4+H2O

30
Q

Reactions of SO2/SO3

A

Reacts with water:
SO2+H2O—->H2SO3 (Sulfuric IV acid) then dissociates
H2SO3—–>H+ +HSO3- acidic

SO3+H2O—->H2SO4 (sulfuric VI acid)
H2SO4—–>H+ +HSO4-

Reacts with NaOH:
SO2+ NaOH—–>NaHSO3
NaHSO3+NaOH—->Na2SO3 +H2O
CaO+SO2—->CaSO3—–>CaSO4

31
Q

Define allotrope

A

Same element different arrangement of atoms

32
Q

Define amphoteric

A

Reacts as both acid and base.

33
Q

Na2O might have a yellow colour why?

A

Reacts to form Na2O2 which has a yellow appearance.

34
Q

Why is MgO less alkaline than Na2O

A

MgO-sparingly soluble. Na2O-strong base as composed of O2- STRONGLY ATTRACTED TO PROTONS AS MORE NEGATIVE.

AQA Chemistry Unit 5 (1 decks)

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