Periodicity

Question 1

What is meant by the term periodicity?

Answer 1

The repeated trend in properties of elements across a period

Question 2

What is meant by the term 1st Ionisation Energy?

Answer 2

The energy required to remove 1 electron from earth atom in 1 mole of GASEOUS atoms to form 1 mole GASEOUS +1 ions

Question 3

What are the factors that affect ionisation energy?

Answer 3

• Atomic Radius
• Electron shielding
• Relative nuclear charge

Question 4

Describe simple covalent structures.

Answer 4

• low melting and boiling point: weak intermolecular force that requires little energy to overcome
• No conductivity : there are no free charge carriers that are able to move freely

Question 5

What are the properties of giant covalent lattices?

Answer 5

• high melting and boiling points: strong intermolecular forces
• Insoluble: too strong to be broken by interaction, stable structures
• Non conductors of electricity: all outer electrons involved in covalent bonding, except graphene and graphite

Question 6

Describe metallic bonding.

Answer 6

• strong force of attraction between positive metal ions and delocalised electrons give metals high boiling/melting points
• positive metal ions are fixed in place
• insoluble