Periodic Trends Notes Flashcards
What happens to the nuclear charge when you go across a period?
The nuclear charge increases because the number of protons increases therefore creating a stronger attraction with electrons.
What is a periodic trend?
Patterns found on the periodic table based on how the number of protons and electrons change.
What happens when you go down a group?
As you go down a group, energy levels are added, which block valence electrons from the pull of the nucleus, decreasing their attraction. Also called the shielding effect.
What is the atomic radius?
The distance between the nucleus and the outer edge of the electron cloud.
What is the ionic radius?
How the size of an atom changes when it becomes an atom.
What is the ionic radius of a cation?
Loses electrons so they become smaller than their neutral atoms.
What is the ionic radius of an anion?
Gains electrons so they become larger than their neutral atoms.
What is ionization energy?
The amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom. First ionization energy refers to losing the first electron.
What is electronegativity?
The ability of an atom to attract electrons?
