Periodic Trends

Question 0

Ionization energy

Answer 0

From left to right across a period, ionization energy increases.

Down a group from top to bottom, ionization energy decreases.

More energy is needed for each succeeding ionization.

Significantly more energy is needed to break a full shell of electrons.

Elements with low ionization energies are more easily oxidized.

Question 1

Atomic radii

Answer 1

Moving from left to right across a period, the radius decreases.

Moving down a group from top to bottom, the atomic radius increases.

Cations (+) have smaller radii than their corresponding neutral atoms.

Anions (-) have larger radii than their corresponding neutral atoms.

Question 2

Electron affinity

Answer 2

Left to right across a period, electron affinity increases.

Down a group top to bottom, electron affinity generally decreases.

Question 3

Electronegativity

Answer 3

Left to right across a period, electronegativity increases.

Down a group from top to bottom, electronegativity decreases.