Periodic Table Unit 3 Flashcards
group 2) are metals with two valence electrons
alkaline earth metals
Columns of elements in the periodic table that share similar properties
groups
elements, usually solid, with a shiny surface; good conductors of electricity and thermal energy (heat)
metals
(group 1 except for Hydrogen) are metals with only one valence electron
alkali metals
(group 17) group of elements that are highly reactive; nonmetals; have 7 valence electrons
Halogens
(group 18) elements that generally do not react with other elements, and which are all gases; have eight valence electrons, except for helium which has two
Noble gases
semimetals, have physical properties of both metals and nonmetal
Metalloids
rows of elements in the periodic table arranged by atomic number , energy levels
periods
elements that are poor conductors of electricity and heat
nonmetals
Characteristics, like size, type, and reactivity of the atoms increase or decrease along a row or column of the periodic table.
periodic trend
(groups 3-12) elements that have valence electrons at two different energy levels; do not follow valence rules
Transition Metals
the electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom that influence how an element will react with other substances
valence electrons
rate at which a chemical substance tends to undergo a chemical reaction
reactivity
Elements in the same group have the same number of _____.
valence
Elements in the same period have the same number of _____.
energy levels
Since elements in the same group have the same valence, they will also have similiar _____ and _____.
properties and reactivity
The majority of elements on the periodic table are what type?
metals
The elements that are to the right of the zigzag line are called ____.
nonmetals
Name the 6 metalloid element symbols.
B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te
The most NONREACTIVE group is called
Noble Gases
Name the two VERY REACTIVE METAL groups
Alkali (1A)
Alkaline Earth Metals (2A)
Name the only VERY REACTIVE NONMETAL group.
Halogens (7A)
Check the _________ to check an atom’s reactivity.
valence electrons
Using a periodic table, decide if this is true or false:
Because Al and Ga are in the same group they will act the same.
True
Using a periodic table, decide if this is true or false:
Because K and Ca are in the same period, they will act the same.
False.
only elements in the same group act the same.
Using a periodic table, decide if this is true or false:
Se has more valence electrons than S.
False.
They are in the same group so same valence.
Using a periodic table, decide if this is true or false:
P has fewer protons in its nucleus than S.
True. P has a lower atomic number.
Using a periodic table, decide if this is true or false:
Te is more like Sb than Se.
False.
Te and Se are in the same group, so they are similar.
Sb is next door to Te but they have different valence, so different properties.
Using a periodic table, decide if this is true or false:
Ge and As have the same number of energy levels.
True. They are in the same period.
Why is Helium NOT found in group 2 (2A)?
It only has two electrons but that makes the first energy level full, so it is nonreactive and must be found in 8A with the rest of the Noble Gases.
Using a periodic table, which choice is most similar to Carbon?
Sn, B, Rb, or Ne
Sn - because it is in the same group and will have similar properties and reactivity.
Metals are malleable and ductile. What do those words mean?
malleable - can be dented or hammered flat
Ductile - can be pulled into a wire shape
