Periodic Table/Trends Flashcards
Group 1
Alkali metals
+1 charge
- 1 valence electron
- shiny & silvery (dull as metal reacts with Oxygen), soft at room temperature
Group 2
Alkaline Earth metals
+2 charge
- 2 valence electron
- all other than beryllium react w/ water
Group 3-12
Transitional metals
- both ductile and malleable
- conduct electricity and heat
- valence electron r present in more than 1 shell
- iron, cobalt, nickel r the only elements known to produce magnetic field
Basic metals
- located in groups 13, 14,15
- r ductile and malleable but r not same as transitional elements bc they dont have varoius ixidation states and valence electron r only present in outer shell
- solid, relatively high density , opaque
- charges r +3, +-4, -3
metalloids
- metalloids
- found along the stair line that distinguishes metals from non-metals
- have properties of both metals and nonmetals
- some r semiconductors
- charge r +3, +-4, -3, -2
other nonmetals
- elements r in groups 14-16
- not able to conduct electricity or heat very well
- very brittle and cant be rolled into wires or pound into sheets
- exits in 2 states of mattter: gas or solid
- no metallic luster or refelct light
- +-4, -3, -2
Group 17
Halogens
- 5 non metallic elements
- salt-former (compounds containing halogens r called salts
- 7 valence electron
- charge is -1
Group 18
Noble Gases
- unreactive
- gaseous
Name 2 elements tha may be shiny, solid, easy to cut w/ knife + highly reactive
Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr
Name the element in row 5 group 2
Strontium (Sr)
Ca, Mg, Sr all make compounds with C1 as CaCl2, etc. What are 3 other elements that can replace Ca
Be, Ba, Ra
Name 2 elements that r unreactive gases
helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), radon (Rn), and oganesson (Og).
Name element in group 17 and row 4
Bromine
Ca, Mg, Sr all make compounds with C1 as CaCl2, etc. What are 3 other elements that can replace Cl
fluorine, bromine, iodine, astatine
2 elements that possess properties of metals and nonmetals
Boron, germanium, silicon, antimony, arsenic, tellurium and pollanium
element in group 10 and row 7
Darmstadtium
3 elements that could repalce Z in chemical formula ZCl3
boron (B), aluminum (Al), gallium (Ga), indium (In), thallium (Tl), and nihonium (Nh)
what element can found with F2
Beryllium (Be)
Magnesium (Mg)
Calcium (Ca)
Strontium (Sr)
Barium (Ba)
Radium (Ra)
Name the 3 transitional metals that produce a magnetic filed?
- iron
- cobalt
- nickel
Pattern of Atomic radius?
closer to bottom left = increases atomic radius
as you go right more protons r pulling the shells closer to the nucleus so it is smaller
as you go down there are more shells (bigger)
Pattern of electronegatitivy?
closer to top right = increased electronegativity
as you go down electronegativity decreases bc greater distance from nucleus so there r more electronshielding
as you go right atomic radiuis decreasing and number of protons r increasing so electronegativity increases
pattern of ionization energy?
closer to top right = increased ionization energy
as you go down ionization energy decrease bc electrons r further from nucleus
as you go to the right ionization energy increases bc atomic radius decreases and increase in protons = more attraction so its harder to remove the electron
