Periodic Table Test

Question 1

The number of energy levels ___________ going down.

Answer 1

increases

Question 2

What is atomic radius?

Answer 2

½ distance between neighboring nuclei in molecule or crystal

Question 3

What are the two factors that affect atomic radius?

Answer 3

of energy levels and proton pulling power

Question 4

The Atomic radius ___________ going down.

Answer 4

increases

Question 5

As we go across a period, elements are gaining electrons, but still getting smaller. Why?

Answer 5

Because the increase in protons (atomic number) gives elements a greater proton pulling power

Question 6

The atomic radius ___________ going across.

Answer 6

decreases

Question 7

How can we measure Proton Pulling Power?

Answer 7

by determining the Effective nuclear charge

Question 8

What is Effective Nuclear Charge?

Answer 8

The charge actually felt by VE

Question 9

What is the equation for ENC?

Answer 9

Nuclear charge - # of inner shell electrons (does not count the VE!)

Question 10

What do inner shell electrons do?

Answer 10

Shield the charge felt by the VE

Question 11

What are the only two elements whose VE feel the full nuclear charge (pull)

Answer 11

H and He

Question 12

Electron Shielding __________ going down.

Answer 12

Increases

Question 13

What makes an element reactive?

Answer 13

Its ability to loose an electron

Question 14

What is Ionization energy?

Answer 14

amount of energy required to remove a valence electron from an atom in gas phase

Question 15

What’s is 1st Ionization energy?

Answer 15

the energy required to remove the most loosely held valence electron (e- farthest from nucleus)

Question 16

Ionization energy ________ going down.

Answer 16

decreased

Question 17

Ionization energy_________ going across.

Answer 17

Increased

Question 18

What is Electronegativity?

Answer 18

ability of atom to attract electrons in bond

Question 19

Why don’t noble Gasses have electronegativity values?

Answer 19

because they tend to not form bonds

Question 20

What’s the most electronegative element?

Answer 20

Flourine

Question 21

What’s the unit for electronegativity

Answer 21

Pauling

Question 22

Electronegativity _________ going down

Answer 22

decreases

Question 23

Electronegativity ________ going across

Answer 23

increases

Question 24

How do we judge the reactivity of metals?

Answer 24

by judging how easily they give up electrons (they are losers)

Question 25

Metallic character __________ going from right to left

Answer 25

decreases

Question 26

Metallic character _________ going down

Answer 26

increases

Question 27

How do we judge the reactivity of nonmetals?

Answer 27

by how easily they give up electrons (they are winners)

Question 28

Reactivity of nonmetals ________ going up

Answer 28

increases

Question 29

What's the most reactive nonmetal?

Answer 29

F

Question 30

Metals tend to have ______ VE

Answer 30

1-3

Question 31

Nonmetals tend to have ______ VE

Answer 31

5-7

Question 32

Noble Gasses have __ VE

Answer 32

8

Question 33

How are cations formed?

Answer 33

By the loss of electrons (they're always smaller than the parent atom)

Question 34

How are anions formed?

Answer 34

By the gain of electrons (they're always larger than the parent atom)

Question 35

What is Coulomb's law?

Answer 35

states that same charges repel and opposite charges attract

Question 36

What's the formula for Coulomb's law

Answer 36

C = k q1q2/r2

Question 37

Elements in the same columns have...

Answer 37

similar physical and chemical properties

Question 38

What are the main group elements?

Answer 38

Representative elements

Question 39

What are the transition elements?

Answer 39

all metals

Question 40

What are the bottom rows?

Answer 40

Inner transition elements; rare earth elements

Question 41

Noble gasses

Answer 41

-group 8 -colorless, odorless gasses -very non-reactive

Question 42

Noble metals

Answer 42

-Ru-Ag & OS-Au -least reactive metals

Question 43

Halogens

Answer 43

-group 7 -very reactive nonmetals

Question 44

Most common pure substances are...

Answer 44

very poor conductors of electricity (not including metals and graphite) EX: water

Question 45

electrolytes

Answer 45

substances that dissolve in water to form a solution that conducts well

Question 46

When dissolved in water, electrolyte compounds break up into

Answer 46

component ions

Question 47

ions

Answer 47

atoms or groups of atoms that have an electrical charge

Question 48

Metals

Answer 48

-malleable and ductile -conduct electricity and stuff well

Question 49

Metalloids

Answer 49

-semimetals -show some metal and some nonmetal characteristics

Question 50

Nonmetals

Answer 50

-brittle -insulators

Question 51

Most metallic elements are always at the ___________ of the column

Answer 51

bottom

Question 52

Metals like to loose electrons, so therefore their reaactivity trend...

Answer 52

increases downwards from right to left

Question 53

Nonmetals like to gain electrons, so therefore their reactivity trend...

Answer 53

increased upwards from left to right

Question 54

Why do elements in the same family have similar properties?

Answer 54

because they have the same number of VE

Question 55

What are the transition metals?

Answer 55

-The (d) part of the periodic table -they're all solids and metals, meaning they're also more likely to form covalent bonds

Question 56

What are lanthanides and actinides?

Answer 56

- both silvery metals -lanthanides have high melting points -actinides are very radioactive

Question 57

What is a periodic law?

Answer 57

states that all elements, when listed in order of A# show a variation in atomic structure, and most properties

Question 58

octet principle

Answer 58

all atoms want 8VE

Question 59

How are VE determined?

Answer 59

determined by the group # (the # of VE is equal to the atoms main group #)

Question 60

What is coulomb's law used to determine?

Answer 60

Which compound has a greater coulombic force (the force of attraction or repulsion between two electrically charged particles)