Periodic Table Test

Question 1

Lavoisier

Answer 1

Separated periodic tables into metals and nonmetals

Question 2

Dobereiner

Answer 2

Created triads (groups of 3 elements that were similar)

Question 3

Newlands

Answer 3

Developed Law of octaves. Recognized repeating pattern of 8

Question 4

Meyer

Answer 4

Arranged elements by valence

Question 5

Mendeleev

Answer 5

Arranged elements by atomic mass. Predicted properties of undiscovered elements

Question 6

Moseley

Answer 6

Rearranged table based on atomic numbers

Question 7

Seaborg

Answer 7

Pulled out lanthanides (actinide series)

Question 8

Periods

Answer 8

Horizontal rows (1-7)
Tells the energy level of the highest energy electrons.

Question 9

Families/Groups

Answer 9

Vertical columns.
Arranged base on similarities in reactivity.
Main groups (1A-8A) correspond to valence electrons (exc He)

Question 10

Metals

Answer 10

Located left of zig zag line. Have luster, are malleable, are conductors and ductile. Predominantly solids at room temp.
Metallic oxides react with water to form bases.

Question 11

Nonmetals

Answer 11

Right of zig zag line. Predominantly gases.
Usually brittle.
Insulators.
Nonmetallic oxides react with water to form acids.

Question 12

Metalloids

Answer 12

Touch zig zag line (excp Al)
Has properties of metals and nonmetals. Semi conductors.

Question 13

Alkali Metals

Answer 13

Group 1A.
Extremely reactive, explosive in water.
Not found alone in nature. Soft

Question 14

Alkaline Earth Metals

Answer 14

Group 2a
Same as Alkali, but to lesser extent

Question 15

Halogens

Answer 15

Group 7a
Very reactive nonmetals
Diatomic (two atoms combine with each other)

Question 16

Diatomic

Answer 16

Two atoms combine with each other

Question 17

Noble Gases

Answer 17

Group 8a
Inert (do not react)

Question 18

Transitional metals

Answer 18

Groups 1b-8b
Properties differ from each other
Many form-colored solutions
Used to include lanthanide/ actinoid series (which is predominantly radioactive)

Question 19

Atomic Radius

Answer 19

Size of the atom (from the nucleus, outwards)

Question 20

Atomic Radii

Answer 20

Size increases going down family b/c of the addition of extra energy levels.
Size decreases a period due to increase in nuclear charge and “pulling in” electrons due to greater attractive force

Question 21

Ionization Energy (Def)

Answer 21

Energy to remove an electron from a gaseous atom

Question 22

Ionization Energy

Answer 22

Decreases going down a family b/c increased size of atom, which lowers the attractive force and “shields” inner electrons
Increases going across period due to increased nuclear charge, which increases attractive force

Question 23

Nuclear Charge

Answer 23

Increases going across a period

Question 24

Formation of Ions

Answer 24

Atoms gain/lose electrons to get to a noble gas configuration

Question 25

Formation of Ions (Metals)

Answer 25

Metals lose electrons to form positive ions. If a metalloid is on the left, it acts as a metal.

Question 26

Formation of Ions (Nonmetals)

Answer 26

Nonmetals gain electrons to form negative ions. If a metalloid is on the right, it acts as a nonmetal.

Question 27

Ion Atomic Radius

Answer 27

Positive ions are smaller than original atoms.
Negative ions are larger than the original atom.

Question 28

Electronegativity (Def)

Answer 28

Attraction for electrons within a bond

Question 29

Electronegativity Trend

Answer 29

(Same as ionization energy)
Decreases going down family
increases going across a period

Question 30

Electron Affinity (Def)

Answer 30

Attraction for an electron (not within a bond)

Question 31

Electronegativity

Answer 31

(Same as ionization energy)
Decreases going down family
Increases going across a period

Question 32

Melting Point

Answer 32

Decreases down metal groups
Increases down nonmetal groups
Increases across a period until group 4a (14), then decreases

Question 33

Density

Answer 33

Increases going down a family

Question 34

Reactivity

Answer 34

Increases going down a family for metals
Decreases going down a family for nonmetals