Periodic Table of Elements Flashcards
Q: Who first published the periodic table?
A: Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869.
Q: What was the basis for the original periodic table?
A: Elements were arranged in order of increasing atomic number (number of protons).
Q: What are vertical columns on the periodic table called?
A: Groups.
Q: What do elements in the same group have in common?
A: Similar chemical reactivity.
Q: What are horizontal rows on the periodic table called?
A: Periods.
Q: How do elements in the same period compare?
A: Their properties vary significantly.
Q: What does the large letter(s) in an element’s box represent?
A: : The chemical symbol.
Q: What does the number at the top of the box represent?
A: The atomic number (number of protons).
Q: What does the number at the bottom of the box represent?
A: The average atomic mass, considering different isotopes.
Q: What are the three main classifications of elements?
A: Metals, metalloids, and nonmetals.
Q: Where are metals located on the periodic table?
A: On the left and centre, excluding hydrogen.
Q: What are the properties of metals?
A: Shiny, malleable, and form positive ions.
Q: Where are metalloids located?
A: Along a diagonal line from boron to polonium.
Q: What is unique about metalloids?
A: They have properties of both metals and nonmetals.
Q: Where are nonmetals located?
A: In the upper-right corner of the periodic table.
Q: What are common nonmetals?
A: Carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, chlorine, and hydrogen.
Q: What are the Group 1 elements called?
A: Alkali metals.
Q: What are the Group 2 elements called?
A: Alkaline earth metals.
Q: What are the Group 15 elements called?
A: Pnictogens.
Q: What are the Group 16 elements called?
A: Chalcogens.
Q: What are the Group 17 elements called?
A: Halogens.
Q: What are the Group 18 elements called?
A: Noble gases.
Q: Why are noble gases unreactive?
A: They have a full outer electron shell.
Q: What are the elements in the center of the periodic table called?
A: Transition metals.
Q: What is special about transition metals?
A: They can have multiple oxidation states (charges).
Q: What are the two rows at the bottom of the periodic table?
A: Lanthanides and actinides.
Q: Where do lanthanides and actinides actually belong?
A: In the middle of the periodic table, but they are placed separately for convenience.
