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Inorganic Chemistry I > Periodic Table of Elements > Flashcards

Periodic Table of Elements Flashcards

Set 2: Groups IB–VIIIB

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1
Q

group IB is also known as? which consists of?

A

coinage metals; copper, silver, and gold

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2
Q

the coinage metals are commonly used in?

A

currencies, jewelries, and medals

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3
Q

the only reddish metal

A

copper

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4
Q

rank the coinage metals from least to most malleable

A

copper, silver, gold

(in exact order)

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5
Q

this term means it can be drawn into thin sheets

A

malleable (malleability)

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6
Q

the second best conductor of heat and electricity

A

copper

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7
Q

copper deficiency causes what illness?

A

Menke’s syndrome

or kinky hair syndrome

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8
Q

what are the manifestations of Menke’s syndrome?

A

hypotonia, seizures, developmental delay, and feeding deficiencies

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9
Q

hypotonia means the reduction of what?

A

reduction of muscle tone (reduced muscle tone)

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10
Q

a person diagnosed with Menke’s syndrome should take what medication?

A

Copper-histidine injections

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11
Q

copper toxicity is termed as?

A

Wilson’s disease

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12
Q

this is the excessive accumulation of copper in the body; which affects our?

A

Wilson’s disease; affects the liver and brain

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13
Q

how does Wilson’s disease affect the liver?

A

hepatomegaly, jaundice, and cirrhosis

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14
Q

this is described as the enlargement of the liver

A

hepatomegaly

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15
Q

this is described as the yellowing of skintone

A

jaundice

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16
Q

this is described as the scarring of the liver

A

cirrhosis

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17
Q

how does Wilson’s disease affect the brain?

A

tremors and parkinsonism

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18
Q

what are the manifestations of a person diagnosed with parkinsonism?

A

tremors, rigidity, akinesia, postural instability, and shuffling gait

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19
Q

Wilson’s disease also manifests this, where one’s eyes become blue (dark rings that encircles the iris)

A

Kayser-Fleischer rings

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20
Q

copper is deposited in the Descemet’s membrane of cornea

A

Kayser-Fleischer rings

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21
Q

a chelating agent used for the treatment of Wilson’s disease

A

Penicillamine (Cuprimine®)

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22
Q

silver tends to have this, which also means germicidal action

A

oligodynamic action

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23
Q

aka shining bright

A

silver

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24
Q

silver toxicity is coined as?

A

argyria

or the darkening of skin

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25
Q

a person diagnosed with argyria should take what medications?

A

Normal Saline Solution (NSS), or NaCl/Sodium Chloride/Salt

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26
Q

the second most malleable metal

A

silver

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27
Q

best conductor of heat and electricity

A

silver

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28
Q

originated from the word aurum

A

gold

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29
Q

silver originated from what word?

A

argentum

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30
Q

known to be the king of all metals

A

gold

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31
Q

the most malleable and ductile metal

A

gold

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32
Q

this term means it can be drawn into thin wires

A

ductile (ductility)

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33
Q

gold doesn’t react/dissolve into just any solvent, but only?

A

selenic acid

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34
Q

aqua regia contains two acids, namely: (include its ratio)

A

3 HCl : 1 HNO3

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35
Q

HCl is also known as?

A

hydrochloric acid

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36
Q

HNO3 is also known as?

A

nitric acid

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37
Q

gold is commonly used against?

A

rheumatoid arthritis

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38
Q

it is a chronic autoimmune disease; symmetrical inflammation/pain/swelling of joints

A

rheumatoid arthritis

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39
Q

gold toxicity is termed as? and what is its corresponding antidote?

A

gold dermatitis; BAL/Dimercaprol

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40
Q

group IIB is known to be the? and what elements make up this group?

A

volatile metals; zinc, cadmium, and mercury

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41
Q

the volatile metals is associated with what word?

A

autocomplexations

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42
Q

this is also known as cadmia

A

zinc

often associated with immunity

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43
Q

this metal is present in insulin

A

zinc

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44
Q

when your insulin levels are low, your blood sugar levels what?

A

increase

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45
Q

high levels of blood sugar in the body is called?

A

hyperglycemia

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46
Q

pharmacological actions of zinc

A

astringent, antiseptic, antiperspirant, and protectant

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47
Q

is a personal care product designed to reduce or prevent sweating; works by temporarily blocking the sweat glands, reducing the amount of sweat that reaches the skin’s surface

A

antiperspirant

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48
Q

is a substance or material that provides a protective barrier to shield surfaces, objects, or tissues from damage, environmental exposure, or harmful agents

A

protectant

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49
Q

are often used to protect the skin from irritants, moisture, or friction

A

protectant

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50
Q

a substance that causes the contraction or tightening of body tissues (specifically the skin)

A

astringent

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51
Q

this substance inhibits the growth of microorganisms and viruses on living tissue

A

antiseptic

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52
Q

this pharmacologic action tightens the skin and contracts body tissues

A

astringent

53
Q

zinc deficiency is known as?

A

parakeratosis

inflamed, thick, scaly skin

54
Q

refers to an abnormal condition involving keratinization; specifically, it describes a state where the keratinization process in the skin occurs abnormally

A

parakeratosis

55
Q

is primarily caused by inhaling zinc oxide particles, which are produced when zinc-containing metals are heated to high temperatures

A

metal fume fever

56
Q

is an acute, flu-like illness that can develop after inhaling fumes generated during the welding, cutting, or brazing of metals that contain zinc, such as galvanized steel

A

metal fume fever

57
Q

what is the antidote to people who have manifested inflamed, thick, and scaly skin?

A

zinc supplements

58
Q

zinc toxicity is known as?

A

metal fume fever

59
Q

hyperlordosis is also known as?

A

swayback disease

60
Q

this is the excessive/exaggerated inward curvature of the lower spine, leading to protrusion of the abdomen

A

hyperlordosis/swayback disease

61
Q

a person diagnosed with metal fume fever should take what medication?

A

sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3)

also known as sodium hydrogen carbonate

62
Q

cadmium is also known as?

A

stink bombs

63
Q

itai-itai disease is toxicity from what element?

A

cadmium

64
Q

itai-itai disease is also known as?

A

ouch-ouch disease, it hurts-it hurts disease

65
Q

this is characterized by joint, nerves, and bone pain

A

itai-itai disease/ouch-ouch disease/it hurts-it hurts disease

66
Q

people diagnosed with ouch-ouch disease should take what medication?

A

BAL/Dimercaprol

67
Q
A
68
Q

this is an alloy of mercury, usually used for dental fillings

A

amalgams

69
Q

the Latin name from the chemical element mercury

A

Hydrargyrum

70
Q

mercury is also known as?

A

quicksilver, messenger of the gods, and asoge

71
Q

what ore does mercury come from?

A

cinnabar (HgS)/Aethrop’s mineral

impure HgS (mercuric sulfide)

72
Q

mercury toxicity leads to?

A

Minamata disease

which commonly affects the brain

73
Q

what are the symptoms when a person is diagnosed with Minamata disease?

A

paresthesia, ataxia, and dysarthria

74
Q

this is characterized by the numbness and tingling in the hands and feet

A

paresthesia

75
Q

this is characterized by loss of coordination; progressive neurological disease that can lead to clumsy movements

A

ataxia

76
Q

this is a condition where people have difficulty in speaking

A

dysarthria

77
Q

a form of mercury poisoning, characterized by the painful pink discoloration of the hands and feet, peeling skin, irritability, sweating, and sensitivity to light; chronic Hg poisoning to children

A

acrodynia/pink disease/erythroderma

78
Q

in the word acrodynia, what does akros and -odynia mean?

A

akros: extremitites, -odynia: pain

79
Q

when diagnosed with erythroderma, what antidote should be taken? (new and old)

A

new: BAL/Dimercaprol
old: Sodium Formaldehyde Sulfoxylate (SFS)

80
Q

in an event of an emergency, people who have just been poisoned by mercury should take?

A

egg albumin (egg white) for every 200mg ingested Hg; powdered sulfur (for cracks)

81
Q

this is the best measure to use for Hg that falls to crack

A

powdered sulfur

82
Q

group IIIB is also known as? and what elements make up this group?

A

scandium subgroup; scandium and yttrium

83
Q

Mendeleev’s given name to scandium was?

A

eka-boron

84
Q

group IVB is also known as? and what elements make up this group?

A

titanium subgroup; titanium, zirconium, and hafnium

85
Q

known as the sons of the earth

A

titanium

86
Q

9th most abundant element in the earth’s crust

A

titanium

87
Q

group VB is also known as? and what elements make up this group?

A

vanadium subgroup; vanadium, niobium, and tantalum

88
Q

this element is not affected by body fluids

A

tantalum

89
Q

this element is commonly used in the repair of bones, nerves, and tissues

A

tantalum

90
Q

group VIB is known as? and what elements make up this group?

A

chromium subgroup; chromium, molybdenum, and tungsten

91
Q

this element has a glucose tolerance factor

A

chromium

92
Q

chromium deficiency leads to?

A

hyperglycemia

93
Q

chromium can be acquired from what diet?

A

butter

94
Q

natural source for chromium is/are?

A

ochre and chromite

95
Q

this is important in the enzyme xanthine oxidase

A

molybdenum

96
Q

xanthine oxidase produces what in the body? and too much of it can lead to?

A

uric acid; gout

97
Q

acute gout can be treated with? and chronic gout can be treated with?

A

colchicine; allopurinol

98
Q

tungsten has a chemical symbol of W, which stands for?

A

Wolfram

99
Q

what elements make up the group VIIB?

A

manganese, technetium, and rhenium

100
Q

what ore did manganese come from?

A

pyrolusite

101
Q

manganese deficiency leads to?

A

Parkinson-like symptoms

102
Q

this is the first element to be produced artificially

A

technetium

103
Q

technetium comes from the Greek word?

A

tekhnetos

which means artificial

104
Q

technetium is used in?

A

preparation of radiopharmaceuticals

105
Q

what Tc99m is used against osteoporosis and bone imaging?

A

Tc99m Alendronate

106
Q

what Tc99m is used for kidney imaging?

A

Tc99m Heptagluconate

107
Q

what Tc99m is used for liver and potency studies?

A

Tc99m Phytate

108
Q

what Tc99m is used for hepatobiliary studies?

A

Tc99m Iminodiacetic acid (IDA)

109
Q

when a person takes alendronate, what are the key things they should remember?

A

take the drug on an empty stomach,
take with plain water only,
and sit upright for 30 minutes

and avoid drinking or eating other beverages or food

110
Q

what should one remember when dealing with medications with the suffix -dronate?

A

should be taken with plain water only

111
Q

group VIIIB is also known to be the?

A

triads

112
Q

what elements make up the triads?

A

iron, ruthenium, osmium
cobalt, rhodium, iridium
nickel, palladium, platinum

113
Q

what elements belong to the light triad?

A

ruthenium, rhodium, and palladium

114
Q

this element in present in hemoglobin (ferrous 2+)

A

iron

115
Q

iron toxicity; (a disorder where extra build up of iron in the body to harmful levels)

A

hemochromatosis

116
Q

what antidote should be given when a person is diagnosed with hemochromatosis?

A

deferoxamine

117
Q

this element is an essential component of vitamin B12

A

cobalt

specifically cyano cobalamin

118
Q

a person deficient in cobalt is diagnosed with?

A

Megaloblastic anemia

119
Q

megaloblastic anemia has two types:

A

macrocytic and normochromic

120
Q

cobalt added to this substance makes a beautiful blue color

A

Vogel’s reagent

121
Q

nickel is also known as?

A

kupfernickel

122
Q

this is the most powerful inorganic carcinogen

A

nickel

123
Q

this element is commonly found in fake jewelries

A

nickel

124
Q

this is defined as contact dermatitis

A

Nick’s itch

125
Q

what test is used to identify nickel in an object/solution?

A

Dimethylglyoxime test

126
Q

this is the heaviest/densest metal

A

osmium

127
Q

this element was banned due to skin granuloma

A

zirconium

128
Q

aka shining dawn

A

gold

Inorganic Chemistry I (4 decks)

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