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chemistry > periodic table of elements > Flashcards

periodic table of elements Flashcards

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1
Q

who is the father of the periodic table?

A

Dmitri Mendeleev

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2
Q

what does “periodic” also mean?

A

“pattern”

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3
Q

how did Dmitri Mendeleev order elements?

A

based on atomic mass

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4
Q

who made the modern periodic table?

A

Henry Moseley

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5
Q

what did Henry Moseley change the periodic table to?

A

changed the order of elements to be organized by atomic number

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6
Q

what does the atomic number determine?

A

chemical property

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7
Q

what are vertical columns?

A

groups or families

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8
Q

what are horizontal columns?

A

rows or periods

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9
Q

what do elements in the same group/family have?

A

have similar chemical properties

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10
Q

where is the location of metals?

A

to the left of the metalloids

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11
Q

what metal is not solid at room temp?

A

Mercury

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12
Q

what are the 5 main characteristics of metals?

A
  1. lustrous (shiny)
  2. malleable (hammered without breaking)
  3. ductile (drawn into thin wire)
  4. good conductors for heat & electricity
  5. forms cations
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13
Q

what happens in cations?

A

lose electrons and become positively charged

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14
Q

where is the location of nonmetals?

A

right to the metalloids

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15
Q

what element is not right to the metalloids, but included in the nonmetal group?

A

Hydrogen

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16
Q

what are the 4 main characteristics of nonmetals?

A
  1. dull
  2. poor conductors
  3. solids are brittle (easy to break)
  4. forms anions
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17
Q

what happens in anions?

A

gain electrons and become negatively charged

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18
Q

what are the 2 other terms for metalloids?

A
  1. “semimetals”
  2. “stair step elements”
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19
Q

what are the properties of metalloids?

A

includes both properties of metals and nonmetals

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20
Q

what group are the alkali metals?

A

1A

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21
Q

what element is excluded in the alkali metals group?

A

Hydrogen

22
Q

alkali metals are the most ________ metals

A

reactive

23
Q

how many valence electrons are in alkali metals?

A

1

24
Q

how is the reactivity for Hydrogen?

A

very reactive

25
Q

Hydrogen shows properties most similar to what group?

A

nonmetal

26
Q

what group is 2A?

A

alkaline earth metals

27
Q

how many valence electrons in alkaline earth metals?

A

2

28
Q

what are the groups 3-12 called?

A

transition metals

29
Q

what are the 2 groups of inner transition metals?

A
  1. Lanthanides
  2. Actinides
30
Q

inner transition metals are what type of elements?

A

radioactive

31
Q

what is group 7A called?

A

halogens

32
Q

what group is the most reactive nonmetals?

A

halogens

33
Q

how many valence electrons do halogens have?

A

7

34
Q

the noble gases are in which group?

A

8A

35
Q

which group is the least reactive elements?

A

noble gases

36
Q

what are inert gases?

A

chemically inactive gases, so no chemical reactions

37
Q

how many valence electrons does group 8A have?

A

a full valence electron shell, 8 valence electrons

38
Q

which element in the noble gases does not have a total of 8 valence electrons?

A

Helium has 2 valence electrons

39
Q

how are diatoms remembered?

A

start at 7, make a 7, Hydrogen is the weird one

40
Q

what are diatoms?

A

the elements that are only stable as 2 atoms of the same or different chemical elements

41
Q

what are the 7 diatomic elements?

A
  1. Br2 = Bromine
  2. I2 = Iodine
  3. Cl2 = Chlorine
  4. O2 = Oxygen
  5. H2 = Hydrogen
  6. F2 = Fluorine
  7. N2 = Nitrogen
42
Q

what are the 7 metalloids?

A
  1. boron
  2. silicon
  3. germanium
  4. arsenic
  5. antimony
  6. tellurium
  7. polonium
43
Q

what are the 2 elements that are liquid at room temp?

A
  1. mercury
  2. bromine
44
Q

what are the 10 elements that are gases at room temp?

A
  1. hydrogen
  2. neon
  3. oxygen
  4. nitrogen
  5. fluorine
  6. chlorine
  7. helium
  8. argon
  9. krypton
  10. xenon
45
Q

what are the 18 non metals of the periodic table?

A
  1. hydrogen
  2. carbon
  3. nitrogen
  4. oxygen
  5. fluorine
  6. phosphorous
  7. sulfur
  8. chlorine
  9. selenium
  10. bromine
  11. iodine
  12. astatine
  13. helium
  14. neon
  15. argon
  16. krypton
  17. xenon
  18. radon
46
Q

what are the 6 alkali metals?

A
  1. lithium
  2. sodium
  3. potassium
  4. rubidium
  5. cesium
  6. francium
47
Q

what are the 6 alkaline earth metals?

A
  1. beryllium
  2. magnesium
  3. calcium
  4. strontium
  5. barium
  6. radium
48
Q

what are the 5 halogens on the periodic table?

A
  1. fluorine
  2. chlorine
  3. bromine
  4. iodine
  5. astatine
49
Q

what are the 6 noble gases?

A
  1. neon
  2. helium
  3. argon
  4. krypton
  5. xenon
  6. radon
50
Q

what are the 7 remaining elements not in a group/family?

A
  1. aluminum
  2. gallium
  3. indium
  4. tin
  5. thallium
  6. lead
  7. bismuth
51
Q

what are the inert gases?

A

8A noble gases

chemistry (8 decks)

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