Periodic Table

Question 1

similarities in groups (2)

Answer 1

1. number of valence electrons

2. chemical properties

Question 2

similarities in periods (1)

Answer 2

1. number of electron shells

Question 3

elements change from ___ character to ____ character from left to right across a period

Answer 3

metallic, non-metallic

Question 4

physical properties consist of… (4)

Answer 4

1. mp/bp
2. state
3. conductor of heat and electricity
4. describing the material (describing, strength, flexibility..)

Question 5

chemical properties consist of … (2)

Answer 5

1. what type of ions (cation/anion)

2. bonding structure with M/NM

Question 6

physical properties of metals (4)

state –> exception (1)

Answer 6

1. high mp/bp
2. usually solid at rt (except mercury)
3. good conductors of heat and electricity
4. shiny, strong, ductile – can be drawn into wires, malleable – can be beaten into sheets

Question 7

chemical properties of metals (2)

Answer 7

1. form cations (+ve ions)

2. form ionic compound with non-metals

Question 8

physical properties of non-metals (4)
state -> exception (7)
conductor -> exception (1)

Answer 8

1. low mp/bp
2. usually gas at rt (except boron, carbon, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, bromine, iodine)
3. poor conductors of heat and electricity (except graphite)
4. dull, not ductile, not mallaeable
   solids are brittle (breakable)

Question 9

chemical properties of non-metals (2)

Answer 9

1. from anions (-ve ions)

2. form covalent compounds with NM and ionic with M

Question 10

trend across a period (4)

Answer 10

1. group number
2. type of element
3. type of structure
4. type of oxides

Question 11

different types of oxides (4)
meaning
examples

Answer 11

1. metal oxide – basic, only react with acid
2. non-metal oxide –acidic, only react with basic
3. amphoteric oxides/hydroxides – can react with either base and acid – can be acidic and basic at the same time – ZAP
   ZnO/Zn(OH)₂
   Al2O₃/Al(OH)₃
   PbO/Pb(OH)₂
4. pH neutral oxides – cannot react with both base or acid
   H₂O, CO, NO

Question 12

trend for type of element across period 3

Answer 12

metallic->metalloid->non metallic

Question 13

metalloid meaning

Answer 13

metallic and non-metallic

Question 14

trend for type of structure across period 3

Answer 14

giant metallic -> giant covalent -> simple covalent

Question 15

trend for formula of oxides across period 3

Answer 15

Na₂O, MgO, Al₂O₃, SiO₂, P₂O₅, SO₂, Cl₂O

metal oxide -> - -> non-metal oxides

Question 16

trend for type of oxide across period 3

Answer 16

basic -> amphoteric -> acidic

Question 17

everything other than oxides are _______

Answer 17

neutral generally