Periodic Table Flashcards
How many elements are in the period table?
118
Who first created the periodic table and when?
Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869
How did Mandeleev arrange the periodic table?
In order of increasing atomic mass and similar properties. He left gaps for the undiscovered elements.
Each horizontal row in the periodic table is called?
A period.
Each vertical column in the period table is called?
A group.
Elements in the same group have?
Similar properties and the same number of valence electrons
Name of group group 1?
Alkali metals
Name of group 2?
Alkaline earth metals
Name of group 7?
Halogens
Name of group 8?
Noble gases
Name of elements in the middle block?
Transition metals
Elements of group 1?
Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium, Cesium and Francium
Elements of group 2?
Beryllium, Magnesium, Calcium, Strontium, Barium, Radium
Elements of group 7?
Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine and Astatine
Elements of group 8?
Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon and Radon
Properties of alkali metals?
Soft, shiny metals
Good conductors of heat and electricity
Relatively low melting points
React vigorously with water
Form white products when combined with oxygen
Become more reactive moving down the group
Properties of alkaline earth metals?
Similar properties to alkali metals but slightly less reactive
Properties of the halogens?
Non-metals (apart from astatine a metalloid)
Highly reactive
Become less reactive going down the group
Can displace other less reactive halogens
Chlorine and fluorine are gases
Bromine is a liquid
Iodine is a solid
Properties of noble gases?
Unreactive as they have a full outer shell of electrons
Which side of the periodic table are metals found?
Left
Which side of the period table are non-metals found?
Right
Typical properties of metals?
Shiny solids (Mercury is the only metal that is liquid at room temperature)
They are ductile and malleable
High melting points
Good conductors of heat and electricity
Typical properties of non-metals?
Dull
Brittle
Not malleable or ductile
Poor conductors
Low melting points
What is a metalloid?
Have some properties similar to metals and some similar to non-metals
They are semiconductors as they can be modified to be conductors and insulators
