Periodic table Flashcards
what is the periodic law
the number of protons (the atomic number) to organize all of the elements
properties of metals
good heat and electric conductors
malleable
ductile
luster
properties of nonmetals
dull/no luster
no conductivity
brittle
semimetals/metalloids
have similarities to both metals and nonmetals
atomic radius
the size of the atom from the nucleus to the valence electrons
increases down (more rings are added )
radius decreases across a period, electrons are stuck on the same ring
what kind of elements tend to lose electrons and become positive
metals
what kind of elements tend to gain electrons and become negative
nonmetals
what is ionization energy
the energy needed to remove the most loosely held valence electrons . metals have low ionization and nonmetals have high ionization
decreases down a column as electrons get farther away
what is electronegativity
the energy needed to get the electrons, based on an elements pull for electrons decreases from top of bottom
what is group 1
the alkali metals
most reactive, more reactive as you go down the group
what are the characteristics of the alkali metals
- very reactive
- never found free in nature
- low densities
- low melting point
- stored in oil
what is group 2
the alkaline earth metals
what are the characteristics of the alkaline earth metals
never found free in nature
reactive but not as much as group 1
transition metals
groups 3-12
have multiple valences
MAKE COLORFUL COMPOUNDS
what is group 13
the boron family
