Periodic Table Flashcards
How are they arranged
In order of increasing proton/atomic number
Description of Group
Group is downward/vertical,
same valence electrons
similar chemical properties
Description of Period
It is across/horizontal
number of valence electrons increases across the period
across the group, it changes to metalic to non-metallic
Left (metallic) - Right (non-metallic)
Groups I have to memorise
Group 1 (alkali metals)
Group 17 (halogens)
Group 18 (noble gases)
Description of Group 1, Chemical and Word Equation
They are Alkali Metals
physical properties
-soft, easily cut
-low m.p and b.p
-low density
Group1 metal + water ~ alkali + hydrogen gas
2M (s) + 2H^2O (l) ~ 2MOH (aq) + H^2 (g)
Down Group 1 (trends)
Trends
-Melting p. decreases
-Density increases
-reactivity w water increases
Li- quickly
Na- violently
K- very violently
Rb
Cs
Fr
^explosively
Description of Group 17, chemical equation and what they exist as
They are Halogens
They exist as diatomic molecules
(2 atoms)
physical properties
-low melting and boiling p.
-coloured
Description: A more reactive halogen displaces a less reactive halogen from its halide
Chemical equation
X^2 + 2MY ~ 2MX + Y^2
Arrangement by configuration
Group| 1 2 13 14 15 16 17 18
Valen | 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Down Group 17 (trends)
Trends
-Melting and boiling p. increases
-Colour intensity increases
-Reactivity decreases
Description of Group 18
They are noble gases
They exist as monatomic molecules (1 atom)
physical properties
-low melting and boiling p.
-colourless gas at room temp.
-insoluble in water
Chemical properties
-unreactive because they contain a fully-filled valence electron shell
Apperance
Flouine and Chlorine is gas
Flouine is pale yellow
Chlorine is greenish-yellow
Bromine is reddish-brown liquid
Iodine is a purple solid
Astatine is a black solid
