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Periodic Table Flashcards

1
Q

What does the Periodic Table display?

A

The names and symbols of all discovered elements organized by their chemical and physical properties.

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2
Q

What do physical properties of an element describe?

A

How a substance behaves generally.

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3
Q

What do chemical properties of an element describe?

A

How a substance behaves in terms of its chemical reactions.

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4
Q

List some examples of physical properties.

A
  • Conductor of electricity
  • Dense
  • Conductor of heat
  • Shiny
  • Malleable
  • Sonorous
  • High melting and boiling points
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5
Q

What is the position of metals in the Periodic Table?

A

Metals are to the left of the red line.

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6
Q

What are common characteristics of metals?

A
  • Good conductors of heat and electricity
  • Shiny when cut
  • Malleable
  • Dense and sonorous
  • Most have high melting points
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7
Q

What are Group 1 elements called?

A

Alkali metals.

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8
Q

Describe the reactivity of alkali metals.

A

They are very reactive and react vigorously with water.

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9
Q

What happens to the reactivity of alkali metals as you go down the group?

A

Reactivity increases as you go down the group.

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10
Q

What do alkali metals produce when they react with water?

A

A metal hydroxide and hydrogen gas.

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11
Q

What is the position of non-metals in the Periodic Table?

A

Non-metals are on the right.

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12
Q

List some common properties of non-metals.

A
  • Low boiling points (gases at room temperature)
  • Poor conductors of electricity and heat
  • Dull in appearance
  • Low density
  • Brittle and not sonorous
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13
Q

What are Group 7 elements called?

A

Halogens.

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14
Q

Describe the reactivity of halogens.

A

Generally very reactive and the opposite of Group 1.

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15
Q

What happens to the melting point and reactivity of halogens as you go down the group?

A

Melting point increases while reactivity decreases.

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16
Q

What type of reactions do halogens participate in?

A

Displacement reactions.

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17
Q

What are Group 0 elements called?

A

Noble gases.

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18
Q

Describe the reactivity of noble gases.

A

Very unreactive.

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19
Q

What is the significance of groups in the Periodic Table?

A

Elements in a group normally have similar properties, allowing predictions of properties based on group.

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20
Q

What are the horizontal rows in the Periodic Table called?

A

Periods.

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21
Q

Fill in the blank: The melting points of alkali metals ______ down the group.

A

decrease.

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22
Q

True or False: Non-metals are typically good conductors of heat and electricity.

A

False.

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23
Q

Fill in the blank: Elements in a group generally exhibit ______ properties.

A

similar.

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24
Q

What are three magnetic elements?

A

Iron, cobalt, nickel

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25
What is the only metal that is liquid at room temperature?
Mercury
26
What is the only non-metal that is liquid at room temperature?
Bromine
27
What is an element?
A substance that contains just one type of atom and cannot be broken down into other substances
28
How many elements exist naturally?
98
29
How many additional elements have been discovered in laboratories?
20
30
What is the Periodic Table?
A table that lists the elements and groups together elements with similar properties, showing the chemical symbol for each element
31
What is the chemical symbol for platinum?
Pt
32
What are some common elements mentioned?
* Copper * Gold * Silver * Oxygen * Hydrogen * Chlorine * Helium
33
What is the significance of the chemical symbol?
It is a one- or two-letter code for the element used universally by scientists
34
True or False: Platinum is a common and inexpensive element.
False
35
Fill in the blank: A 50 kg person is made up of _______ kg oxygen.
32.5
36
What is one use of platinum mentioned?
Used in catalytic converters to change harmful car exhaust gases
37
What is the cost of 1 g of platinum as of July 2016?
£35
38
What is an example of a non-metal mentioned in the text?
Sulfur
39
What properties make platinum useful?
* Shiny * Not damaged by air or water * Easy to shape
40
List two objects that contain platinum.
* Hard disk * Heart pacemaker
41
What is the classification of elements into two categories?
Metals and non-metals
42
Where are metals located in the Periodic Table?
On the left of the red stepped line
43
Where are non-metals located in the Periodic Table?
On the right of the red stepped line
44
Give an example of a metal element.
Platinum
45
Give an example of a non-metal element.
Sulfur
46
What is a property of most metals regarding their state at 20 °C?
They are solid
47
What is the exception among metals that is liquid at 20 °C?
Mercury
48
Name three magnetic elements.
Iron, nickel, cobalt
49
What is a common property of many non-metals regarding their state at 20 °C?
They have low boiling points
50
What state are oxygen and chlorine at 20 °C?
Gases
51
What state is bromine at 20 °C?
Liquid
52
List three properties of a typical metal when solid.
* Good conductor of electricity * Good conductor of heat * Shiny
53
List three properties of a typical non-metal when solid.
* Poor conductor of electricity * Poor conductor of heat * Dull
54
What is the density comparison between metals and non-metals?
Metals have high density; non-metals have low density
55
What is a malleable property of metals?
You can hammer it into different shapes
56
What is a brittle property of non-metals?
Breaks easily
57
Fill in the blank: A teacher has a sample of an element. It is shiny, conducts electricity, and is ______ at room temperature.
liquid
58
What is one use of platinum?
Catalytic converters in cars
59
Why is platinum suitable for catalytic converters?
It is a good conductor of heat and resistant to corrosion
60
What is the typical density of metals compared to non-metals?
Metals are heavy for their size; non-metals are light for their size
61
Identify the element that is shiny, conducts electricity, and is liquid at room temperature.
Mercury
62
How do metals typically behave in terms of conductivity?
Good conductors of electricity and heat
63
How do non-metals typically behave in terms of conductivity?
Poor conductors of electricity and heat

Separation Techniques (2 decks)

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