Periodic Table Flashcards
How are elements organized in the table ?
1.) Elements in the periodic table are organized by their atomic number
How do groups work in the periodic table?
2.) There are different groups, for example if there are 2 elements in the same group, they will act like each other and have similar chemical properties (apart from hydrogen which is in group 1 but it is non-metal)
What are the names of the different groups in the periodic table?
Group 1 is known as Alkali Metals, Group 2 is known as Alkaline Earth Metals, the block of elements between Group 2 and 3 is known as transition metals, Group 7 is called Halogens, and Group 0/8 is referred to as noble gases.
What do groups in the periodic table represent?
Groups are columns in the periodic table that contain elements with the same number of outer electrons, which indicates the group number.
Why do elements in the same group have similar chemical properties
Elements in the same group share the same valency and have similar chemical properties because they have a similar number of electrons in their outer shell. The first shell can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, while the second and third shells can hold 8 electrons each
How can you determine the group of an element based on its electron arrangement?
The last number in the electron arrangement indicates what group the element is in. For example, calcium has an electron arrangement of 2,8,8,2
Where are protons, neutrons, and electrons located in an atom?
Protons and neutrons reside in the core of an atom, known as the nucleus, while electrons are spread out around the edge of the atom and orbit around the nucleus in energy levels or shells.
How does the number of protons relate to neutrons and atomic number?
The number of protons is equal to the number of electrons in a neutral atom, and the number of protons is given by the atomic number. The number of neutrons can vary.
How do you calculate the total number of electrons from electron arrangements?
When you add up all the numbers in the electron arrangement, it equals the total number of electrons. For example, an arrangement of 2,8,8 equals 18 electrons, which is also equal to the number of protons.
What is nuclide notation
Nuclide notation includes the atomic number, which is the number of protons present and is used to identify an element, and the mass number, which is equal to the number of protons plus the number of neutrons.
What are ions and how are they formed?
Ions are formed when atoms lose or gain electrons to achieve a stable electron arrangement similar to that of a noble gas. A positive ion indicates lost electrons, while a negative ion indicates gained electrons. Neutrons are not affected by this process.
What is relative atomic mass
Relative atomic mass is the average mass number of all the versions of an element. For example, for chlorine isotopes, chlorine-35 and chlorine-37, the average is around 35.5, indicating that there are more versions of chlorine-35.
