Periodic Table Flashcards
Vertical column of elements in Periodic Table.
Group which is based on number of outer electron
Horizontal row of elements in Periodic Table
Period which is indicated by the number of shells
Where is noble gases?
Group 8 except for hydrogen
Properties of noble gases -5
1) Colourless gas at room temp
2) Low melting & boiling point
3) Insoluble in water
4) Monatomic gases- one atom in the structure
5) Unreactive- don’t accept/share/donate electrons with other atoms as they have achieved stability due to their full outer shell
Group 1 Alkali Metal: Physical Properties - 4 ans
1) Soft (can cut)
2) Low Density (float on water)
3) Very Reactive (achieve full outer shell- donate 1 electron)
4) Low Melting & Boiling Point
Group 1 Alkali Metals: Trend down the group
1) Softeness increase
2) Melting & Boiling Point Decrease
3) Density Increase
4) Reactivity Increase
I—> Atons size increases down the grp
Group 1 Alkali Metals: Trend down the group
1) Softeness increase
2) Melting & Boiling Point Decrease
3) Density Increase
4) Reactivity Increase
I—> Atons size increases down the group
Increase of distance between nucleus & electron
Attraction of nucleus & outer electron weaker
Easier to donate 1 electron
Reaction of Group 1 Alkali Metals with Water
(Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium)
Reactivity and Density increases
Lithium: A lot of fizzes around floating metal
Sodium: Shoots around on the surface of the water, and disappears faster
Potassium: Melts & hydrogen bursts in flames and disappears fasts
Rubidium: Sparks fly everywhere, very violent almost instant disappearance after reaction
Word equation of Group 1 Alkali metals with Water
(Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium)
metal hydroxide + hydrogen
e.g. : Li+H20-> LiOH + H2
Group 7 Halogens: Trend down the group
Fluorine-Chlorine-Bromine-Iodine
1) Increase in melting & boiling point
2) Density increases
3) Colour gets darker
4) Reactivity decrease (react to achieve stability - 1 electron)
I—> Atoms size increases down the group
Increase of distance between nucleus & electron
Attraction of nucleus & outer electron weaker
Harder to accept electron
How does Halogen displacement take place?
Chlorine>Bromine>Iodine
More reactive halogen can displace less reactive halide ion from compound
Chlorine+ potassium iodine-> iodine+ potassium chloride
Cl2 + K^+ I^- = I2 + 2KCI
Colour of solid Iodine?
Grey-Black
Transition elements form?
Transition elements form colored compounds.
Cr2O7^2-
chromate VI ion) is orange.
MnO4^-
(manganate VII ion) is purple.
