Periodic structure and basics

Question 1

organizes the elements according to their atomic numbers

Answer 1

periodic table of the elements

Question 2

rows are ___ and columns are ____ of the periodic table

Answer 2

periods: same energy level, n
groups: same valance shell electron configuration

Question 3

3 types of classification in the periodic table

Answer 3

-Metals
-Nonmetals
-Metalloids

Question 4

Atomic radius

Answer 4

distance between the center of the nucleus and the outermost electron

Question 5

ionic radius

Answer 5

size of a charge species
Their are two types: cations (+) and anions (-)

Question 6

ionization energy

Answer 6

amount of energy necessary to remove an electron from the valance shell of a gaseous species

Question 7

Electron affinity

Answer 7

the amount of energy released when a gaseous species gains an electron in its valance shell

Question 8

Electronegativity

Answer 8

measure of the attractive force of the nucleus for electron within a bond

Question 9

Alkali metals

Answer 9

have and oxidation state of +1 and prefer to lose an electron to achieve a noble gas configuration

Question 10

Alkaline earth metals

Answer 10

oxidation state of +2 and can lose two electron to achieve the noble gas configurations

Question 11

Halogens

Answer 11

oxidation state of -1 and highest electronegativities

Question 12

noble gases

Answer 12

have fully filled valance shell and not give up or take electrons