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NEET Chemistry > Periodic Elements > Flashcards

Periodic Elements Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the periodic law?

A

The periodic law states that the properties of elements are a periodic function of their atomic numbers.

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2
Q

Who is known as the father of the periodic table?

A

Dmitri Mendeleev is known as the father of the periodic table.

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3
Q

True or False: The periodic table is arranged by increasing atomic mass.

A

False: The periodic table is arranged by increasing atomic number.

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4
Q

What are groups in the periodic table?

A

Groups are vertical columns in the periodic table that contain elements with similar chemical properties.

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5
Q

What are periods in the periodic table?

A

Periods are horizontal rows in the periodic table that indicate the number of electron shells.

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6
Q

Fill in the blank: The element with atomic number 1 is __________.

A

Hydrogen.

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7
Q

What is the significance of the atomic number?

A

The atomic number represents the number of protons in an atom’s nucleus and determines the element’s identity.

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8
Q

Which element is located in Group 17 of the periodic table?

A

Fluorine.

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9
Q

True or False: Noble gases are highly reactive.

A

False: Noble gases are generally inert and non-reactive.

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10
Q

What are alkali metals?

A

Alkali metals are the elements in Group 1 of the periodic table, characterized by their high reactivity and one valence electron.

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11
Q

What is the trend in atomic radius across a period?

A

The atomic radius decreases from left to right across a period.

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12
Q

What is the trend in electronegativity down a group?

A

Electronegativity generally decreases as you move down a group.

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13
Q

Fill in the blank: The element with atomic number 26 is __________.

A

Iron.

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14
Q

What are transition metals?

A

Transition metals are elements found in Groups 3 to 12 of the periodic table, known for their ability to form variable oxidation states.

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15
Q

Which group contains the most reactive nonmetals?

A

Group 17 (Halogens).

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16
Q

True or False: Metals tend to gain electrons during chemical reactions.

A

False: Metals typically lose electrons.

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17
Q

What is the main characteristic of metalloids?

A

Metalloids have properties of both metals and nonmetals.

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18
Q

What is the highest energy level of an atom?

A

The highest energy level is the outermost electron shell, also known as the valence shell.

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19
Q

Fill in the blank: The group number for alkaline earth metals is __________.

A

2.

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20
Q

What is ionization energy?

A

Ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom.

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21
Q

What is the trend in ionization energy across a period?

A

Ionization energy increases from left to right across a period.

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22
Q

Which element is a liquid at room temperature?

A

Bromine.

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23
Q

What defines an element’s chemical behavior?

A

The arrangement of its electrons, especially in the outer shell.

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24
Q

Fill in the blank: The element with atomic number 8 is __________.

A

Oxygen.

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25
Q

What is the common oxidation state of alkali metals?

A

+1.

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26
Q

True or False: All elements in the same group have similar chemical properties.

A

True.

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27
Q

What is a key characteristic of noble gases?

A

They have a full valence shell, making them stable and unreactive.

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28
Q

What is the name of the first row of transition metals?

A

The first row of transition metals includes Scandium to Zinc.

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29
Q

Fill in the blank: The element with atomic number 12 is __________.

A

Magnesium.

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30
Q

What is the most electronegative element?

A

Fluorine.

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31
Q

What is the trend in metallic character across a period?

A

Metallic character decreases from left to right across a period.

32
Q

Which element is found in Group 14 and can form four covalent bonds?

A

Carbon.

33
Q

What is a common property of all metals?

A

Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity.

34
Q

Fill in the blank: The element with atomic number 15 is __________.

A

Phosphorus.

35
Q

What is the general trend of reactivity for alkali metals?

A

Reactivity increases as you go down the group.

36
Q

What is the name of the group containing the elements Lithium, Sodium, and Potassium?

A

Alkali metals.

37
Q

True or False: Nonmetals are typically good conductors of electricity.

A

False: Nonmetals are typically poor conductors.

38
Q

What is the most abundant element in the universe?

A

Hydrogen.

39
Q

What are lanthanides and actinides?

A

Lanthanides and actinides are two series of elements that include rare earth elements and actinides, respectively.

40
Q

Fill in the blank: The element with atomic number 86 is __________.

A

Radon.

41
Q

What is the common oxidation state of halogens?

A

-1.

42
Q

What is the trend in density for transition metals?

A

Density generally increases across the transition metals.

43
Q

Which element has the highest atomic mass?

A

Oganesson.

44
Q

What is the primary factor that influences the periodic trends?

A

The effective nuclear charge experienced by the outermost electrons.

45
Q

Fill in the blank: The group number for halogens is __________.

A

17.

46
Q

Which element is a metalloid and commonly used in semiconductors?

A

Silicon.

47
Q

What is the name of the group containing the elements Beryllium, Magnesium, and Calcium?

A

Alkaline earth metals.

48
Q

True or False: The first ionization energy of an element is always less than the second ionization energy.

A

True.

49
Q

What is the periodic trend for atomic size down a group?

A

Atomic size increases down a group.

50
Q

What is the name of the group containing the elements Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Arsenic?

A

Group 15 (Pnictogens).

51
Q

Which element is known for its ability to form multiple oxidation states?

A

Transition metals.

52
Q

Fill in the blank: The element with atomic number 19 is __________.

A

Potassium.

53
Q

What is the primary characteristic of alkali metals?

A

They have one electron in their outermost shell.

54
Q

What is the trend in ionization energy down a group?

A

Ionization energy decreases as you move down a group.

55
Q

Fill in the blank: The element with atomic number 7 is __________.

A

Nitrogen.

56
Q

What is the trend in electronegativity across a period?

A

Electronegativity increases from left to right across a period.

57
Q

What is the name of the group containing the elements Helium, Neon, and Argon?

A

Noble gases.

58
Q

What is the general trend of reactivity for nonmetals?

A

Reactivity increases as you go up the group.

59
Q

Fill in the blank: The element with atomic number 14 is __________.

A

Silicon.

60
Q

What is the common oxidation state of alkaline earth metals?

A

+2.

61
Q

What is the trend in melting and boiling points across a period for metals?

A

Melting and boiling points generally increase across a period for metals.

62
Q

What is the primary use of noble gases in industry?

A

Noble gases are used in lighting and as inert environments for chemical reactions.

63
Q

Fill in the blank: The element with atomic number 4 is __________.

A

Beryllium.

64
Q

What is the trend in the number of valence electrons across a period?

A

The number of valence electrons increases from left to right across a period.

65
Q

Which element is the most abundant in the Earth’s crust?

A

Oxygen.

66
Q

What is the trend of ionization energy in relation to atomic size?

A

As atomic size increases, ionization energy generally decreases.

67
Q

Fill in the blank: The group number for transition metals is __________.

A

3 to 12.

68
Q

What is the primary characteristic of nonmetals?

A

Nonmetals typically have high electronegativities and are poor conductors of heat and electricity.

69
Q

What is the trend in reactivity for halogens?

A

Reactivity decreases as you go down the group.

70
Q

Fill in the blank: The element with atomic number 9 is __________.

A

Fluorine.

71
Q

What is the relationship between atomic size and effective nuclear charge?

A

As effective nuclear charge increases, atomic size decreases.

72
Q

What is the common oxidation state of transition metals?

A

Transition metals can have multiple oxidation states, often +2 and +3.

73
Q

Fill in the blank: The element with atomic number 20 is __________.

A

Calcium.

74
Q

What is the trend in the first ionization energy as you move down a group?

A

The first ionization energy decreases.

75
Q

What is the primary characteristic of rare earth elements?

A

They have similar properties and are often found together in nature.

76
Q

True or False: All elements with atomic numbers greater than 92 are synthetic.

A

True.

77
Q

What is the significance of the periodic table’s layout?

A

The layout reflects the periodic trends and relationships between elements.

NEET Chemistry (1 decks)

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