Periodic

Question 1

Interface between crust and upper mantle

Answer 1

Mohorovicic discontinuity

Question 2

A layer that is comprise of the crust and uppermost part of the mantle

Answer 2

Lithosphere

Question 3

Processes that form all mountain ranges

Answer 3

Orogenesis

Question 4

Boundary between continental crust and oceanic crust

Answer 4

Continental margin

Question 5

When molten rock erupts onto surface

Answer 5

Volcanic mountain

Question 6

Soluble materials produced largely by a chemical weathering that are precipitated by either inorganic or biological processes

Answer 6

Chemical sediments

Question 7

Igneous rocks that form when molten rock solidifies at the surface

Answer 7

Extrusive or volcanic

Question 8

Rocks that contains voids,vessicles, left by gas bubbles that formed as the lava solidifies

Answer 8

Vesicular texture

Question 9

A process that leads to changes in the mineralogy, texture and sometimes the chemical composition of rocks

Answer 9

Metamorphism

Question 10

When rocks pull apart

Answer 10

Tensional stress

Question 11

Natural landforms that reach high elevations

Answer 11

Mountains

Question 12

Mountais that are formed by compressional stresses are called…

Answer 12

Folded mountains

Question 13

Travel at the interior of the earth

Answer 13

Body waves

Question 14

Rolls along the ground just like a wave rolls across a lake or ocean

Answer 14

Reyleigh waves

Question 15

Plates move away from each other

Answer 15

Divergent plate boundary

Question 16

Four major layers of the earth

Answer 16

Crust
~oceanic
~continental
      -lithosphere 
Mantle
      -asthenosphere 
Outer core
Inner core

Question 17

It suggested that as earth cooled after its formation, its surface contracted and wrinkled

Answer 17

Contraction theory

Question 18

Also known as focus

Answer 18

Hypocenter

Question 19

Refers to the amount of energy released from the focus

Answer 19

Magnitude

Question 20

It refers to tge degree of damage caused by an earthquake

Answer 20

Intensity

Question 21

A block above the fault moves up relative to the block below the fault

Answer 21

Reverse fault

Question 22

Any solid mass of mineral or mineral like matter occuring naturally as part of our planet

Answer 22

Rocks

Question 23

Processes within the rock cycle

Answer 23

Compaction and cementation 
Cooling and crystallization of magma
Melting
Weathering
Erosion

Question 24

2 types of igneous rocks

Answer 24

Extrusive or volcanic

Intrusive or plutonic

Question 25

What drives the rock cycle

Answer 25

Earth’s internal heat

Weathering

Question 26

Formed as magma cools and crystalizes

Answer 26

Igneous rocks

Question 27

Is formed by the alteration pre existing rock deep within earth by heat, pressure and or chemically active fluids

Answer 27

Metamorphic rock

Question 28

It is mainly a result of the cooling history of the igneous rocks

Answer 28

Texture

Question 29

Igneous rocks are classified based on…

Answer 29

Texture

Mineral composition

Question 30

Magma crystalizes over a temperature range of at least 200c

Answer 30

Bowen’s reaction series

Question 31

Crystalizes deep below the surface

Answer 31

Intrusive

Question 32

Is formed from the weathered products of pre existing rocks that have been transported, deposited, compacted and cemented

Answer 32

Sedimentary rocks

Question 33

Produced when lava cooled quickly on or near earth’s surface

Answer 33

Fine grained texture

Question 34

The formation of one or more secondary magma from one parent magma

Answer 34

Magmatic differentiation

Question 35

Rocks with composition between granitic and basaltic contains a mixture of both light and dark colored minerals

Answer 35

Andesitic rocks

Question 36

Produced by slow then rapid cooling

Answer 36

Porphyritic rock

Question 37

Rich in iron and magnesium but relatively low in silica

Answer 37

Dark silicates

Question 38

A consequence of the chemical makeup of the parent magma and the environment of crystallization

Answer 38

Chemical composition

Question 39

Originate from solid particles derived from weathering and are transported

Answer 39

Detrital sediments

Question 40

Rocks that contain substantial dark silicate minerals and calcium rich plagioclase feldspar

Answer 40

Basaltic or mafic

Question 41

Produced by rapid cooling

Answer 41

Glassy textures

Question 42

It contains mostly of dark colored minerals

Answer 42

Ultramafic rocks

Question 43

It contains a variety of mineral and rock fragments

Answer 43

Detrital sedimentary rocks

Question 44

Produced when magma cools slowly at depth

Answer 44

Course grained texture

Question 45

Contains greater amounts of potassium, sodium and calcium and are richer in silica

Answer 45

Light silicates

Question 46

Give 3 dark and light silicates

Answer 46

Olivine
Pyroxene
Amphibole

Quartz
Muscovite mica
Felspar

Question 47

Composed of entirely light colored silicates

Answer 47

Granitic or felsic

Question 48

It contains the product of biological processes or mineral crystals that form as water evaporates and minerals precipitate

Answer 48

Chemical sedimentary rocks

Question 49

Metamorphism occurs in two settings

Answer 49

Thermal or contact metamorphism

Regional metamorphism

Question 50

Metamorphic textures

Answer 50

Foliated and non foliated

Question 51

What drives metamorphism

Answer 51

Heat
Pressure and differential stress
Chemically active fluids