periodic Flashcards

1
Q

periodic table

A

an arrangement of elements in columns, based on a set of properties that repeat from row to row

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2
Q

mendeleev

A

chemist who developed the periodic table and organized elements by their properties while leaving empty spaces for more elements to be discovered

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3
Q

element

A

a pure substance that cannot be broken down

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4
Q

period

A

a row going across the periodic table

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5
Q

group - family

A

a column going up and down on the periodic table

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6
Q

periodic law

A

the pattern of repeating properties down each group in the periodic table

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7
Q

chemical element/symbol

A

a one or two letter symbol that represents that name of an element
(first letter is capital and potential second letter is lowercase)

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8
Q

atomic number

A

number of protons in an element,
atomic # is also equal to the number of electrons

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9
Q

atomic mass

A

the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus (center) of an element

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10
Q

conductor

A

a material that allows things to flow

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11
Q

metal

A

elements that are good conductors of heat and electric current

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12
Q

nonmetal

A

elements that are poor conductors of heat and electric current

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13
Q

metalloid

A

elements with properties that fall between those of metals and nonmetals

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14
Q

noble gas

A

elements in group 18 which are unreactive and stable

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15
Q

proton

A

particle with a positive charge, same amount as atomic number, this particle identifies the element

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16
Q

neutron

A

a particle with a positive charge, same amount as atomic number, this particle identifies the element

17
Q

electron

A

a particle with negative charge , same amount as atomic number

18
Q

valence electron

A

electrons on the most outer shell

19
Q

orbital / shell / energy level

A

outer boundary of an atom, mostly empty space, each shell starting from the first shell can hold:
1st shell - 2 electrons
2nd shell - 8 electrons
3rd shell - 18 electrons
4th shell - 32 electrons

20
Q

nucleus

A

the center of an atom that contains neutrons and protons and therefore most of the mass

21
Q

chemical bond

A

a force of attraction between atoms to make them more stable

22
Q

ion

A

when atoms transfer electrons and become charged particles

23
Q

ionic bond

A

the force of attraction that holds together positive and negative ions, a transfer of electrons

24
Q

covalent bond

A

a force of attraction that holds together two atoms and shares electrons

25
Q

chemical formula

A

shows the elements involved in that molecule and the number of atoms of each element

26
Q

chemical equation

A

shows the molecules involved in a reaction
reactants show the ingredients and the products show the results