Period Pass Off 4

Question 1

____________of 1800

Answer 1

Revolution; First peaceful transfer of power between two parties though federalists appoint “midnight judges” including supreme court Chief justice john Marshall to maintain influence through the judiciary branch.

Question 2

The __________ President

Answer 2

Pragmatic; Jefferson stays true to his strict constructionist beliefs (eliminates whiskey tax and alien and sedition acts) but also completes Louisiana purchase without constitutional authority.

Question 3

_______ v. __________

Answer 3

Marbury; Madison; Chief justice john Marshall asserts that the supreme court has the power of judicial review to decide whether federal laws are constitutional or not.

Question 3

________ States (Tripoli, Tunisia, Algiers)

Answer 3

Barbary; Jefferson rejects their demands for tribute millions for defense not one cent for tribute and the american marines and navy defeat them in battle.

Question 4

_________ Act 1807

Answer 4

Embargo; Jefferson stops all trade with Europe hoping peaceable coercion will get England and Napoleon to stop impressing american sailors and seizing cargo. It fails.

Question 5

War _______

Answer 5

Hawks; young nationalist politicians who vote to declare war on Great Britan in the war of 1812 to end British alliances with Indians out west and invade Canada

Question 6

War of _________

Answer 6

1812; Ends in stalemate bur Andrew Jacksons victory at the battle of new Orleans boosts american nationalism leading some to call it the second war for independence.

Question 7

(short-lived) era of ________

Answer 7

Good Feelings; Federalists fade away after Hartford convention scandal leaving only republicans.

Question 8

__________ Amendment

Answer 8

Tallmadge; proposes that Missouri must ban slavery to become a state it passes the house but not the senate leading the south to suspect a northern conspiracy to limit slavery

Question 9

________ Compromise

Answer 9

Missouri; Henry Clay temporarily preserves free-state slave-state balance-Maine enters as a free state Missouri as a slave state and slavery is banned in the Louisiana purchase north of 36 30 line.

Question 10

___________ Doctrine

Answer 10

Monroe; Announcement that the western hemisphere is off limits to further European colonization

Question 11

________ ___________ of 1825

Answer 11

Corrupt Bargain; Jackson wins popular vote but no candidate wins the majority of the electoral vote so election is decided by the house of representatives speaker Henry clay swings vote towards JQA who then names Clay Secretary of state. JQAs presidency is tainted by a scandal and Jackson wins 4 years later

Question 12

universal ________ ________ ______

Answer 12

white male suffrage; shift from elite property owners to mass politics political machines explains Old Hickory war hero Andrew Jackson’s popularity

Question 13

king _______

Answer 13

Andrew; president Jackson expands the power of presidency vetoing more bills than predecessors combines using the spoils system to reward supporters

Question 14

1830 ______ _______ Act

Answer 14

Indian Removal; forces remaining Indians east of the Mississippi River to move to Oklahoma territory, ignoring
Supreme Court decision in Worcester v. Georgia. Florida Seminoles (under chief Osceola) and Sauk and Fox (under Chief
Blackhawk) are temporarily successful in resisting

Question 15

__________ Crisis

Answer 15

Nullification; Calhoun’s South Carolina Exposition and Protest declares the state can “nullify” the “Tariff of
Abominations.” Jackson’s Force Bill threatens war, but Clay negotiates a new lower tariff.

Question 16

____ Battle

Answer 16

Bank; Nicholas Biddle applies to renew the National Bank charter. Jackson vetoes it and transfers federal money to
“pet banks”, causing the Panic of 1837. All anti-Jackson factions coalesce into the Whig Party

Question 17

__________ and Tyler Too

Answer 17

Tippecanoe; higs copy Democrats by portraying war hero Harrison as “log cabin and hard cider”
common man

Question 18

____________ Expedition

Answer 18

Lewis and Clark; Called the “Corps of Discovery”, sent to map Louisiana Purchase, look for all-water route to
Pacific, establish good relations with Indians, and stake claim to Oregon

Question 19

_______________ Movement

Answer 19

Pan-Indian resistance; spiritual leader the “Prophet” urges Indians to stop assimilating into white society and return
to their traditional beliefs, while military leader Tecumseh tries to get tribes to stop fighting each other and unite in battle against
Americans. Defeated in the War of 1812.

Question 20

1821 newly independent ____

Answer 20

Mexico; spiritual leader the “Prophet” urges Indians to stop assimilating into white society and return
to their traditional beliefs, while military leader Tecumseh tries to get tribes to stop fighting each other and unite in battle against
Americans. Defeated in the War of 1812.

Question 21

General sam ___________

Answer 21

Houston; Texan independence from Mexico is recognized in 1836, but southern border is dispute. Texas claims it is
the Rio Grande . Mexico says it is the Rio Nueces

Question 22

__________ Republic

Answer 22

Lone Star; Texas waits to be annexed by the U.S. - President Jackson is hesitant to upset the balance of free states and
slave states. Lame duck President Tyler finally annexes Texas after Polk wins the “Manifest Destiny” election of 1844

Question 23

new technologies

Answer 23

John Deere’s Steel Plow opens up the Great Plains to agriculture. McCormick Reaper frees up farm labor to
work in cities. Eli Whitney’s manufacturing of muskets with interchangeable parts demonstrates benefits of mass production

Question 24

Eli Whitneys ______

Answer 24

Cotton Gin; makes large scale cotton cultivation profitable by removing the bottleneck of removing seeds by hand.
A labor-saving device that ironically increased the demand for slave labor. Instead of slowly dying out, slavery expands westward.

Question 25

_________ Revolution

Answer 25

Market; Each region specializes in products it can sell nation-wide after transportation innovations like turnpikes (the
National Road), steamboats that sail upriver (Robert Fulton’s Clermont), canals, and railroads (The Baltimore and Ohio)

Question 26

_____ canal

Answer 26

Erie; completed between Albany on Hudson River and Buffalo on Lake Erie, tying the West closer to New York City than
New Orleans

Question 27

the ______ system

Answer 27

American; Proposed by Henry Clay to strengthen the economy. Contains 3 parts: (1) a National Bank, (2) a
protective tariff to help local industry, and (3) federally-funded internal improvements (roads, canals) to promote trade

Question 28

the _________ System

Answer 28

Lowell; Fast-moving New England rivers that don’t freeze in winter make the region ideal for water wheel-powered
textile mills. The Lowell Textile Mill is an experiment to hire farmer’s daughters to work in wholesome work environment. As
mill girls tire of tedious factory work and pay cuts, new Irish immigrants are cheaper labor source

Question 29

2nd _______________

Answer 29

Great Awakening; strongest in the newly-settled West (first tent revival meeting at Cane Ridge, Kentucky) and market towns
along the Erie Canal (“burned over district”). “Evangelicalism” teaches that everyone can be saved through an emotional born-
again experience, and social reform is necessary to prepare for the millennium

Question 30

cult of ______________

Answer 30

domesticity; The Market Revolution led to more distinct gender roles in middle class families. A husband’s sphere was
work and politics, while a wife, because of her innate purity and natural weakness, was the moral guardian of the home

Question 31

_________________ convention

Answer 31

senca falls; Led by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott, women challenge the “cult of domesticity” by
getting involved in temperance and abolition movements. Men reject this participation, inspiring this first women’s rights meeting
and the writing of the “Declaration of Sentiments.”

Question 32

__________ists

Answer 32

trancendal; Social movement that stressed the individual’s ability to connect with divine truth through spiritual
communion with nature, rejecting organized religion. Famous members included Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau
(author of “Walden”)

Question 33

___________ communities

Answer 33

Utopians; Perfectionist impulses led to various social experiments: the Mormons in Nauvoo, the Transcendentalists
at Brook Farm, the celibate Shakers, and the “complex marriage” Oneidans

Question 34

_________ social reformers

Answer 34

antebellum; Pre-Civil War, Horace Mann standardizes public education in Massachusetts and Dorothea Dix
advocates for humane treatment and rehabilitation in mental asylums

Question 35

_________ of abolitionist beliefs

Answer 35

spectrum; Pre-Civil War, Horace Mann standardizes public education in Massachusetts and Dorothea Dix
advocates for humane treatment and rehabilitation in mental asylums

Question 36

_____ revolts

Answer 36

slave; Denmark Vesey, Gabriel Prosser, and Nat Turner) lead Southerners to restrict rights of free blacks and pass laws
against teaching slaves how to read

Question 37

southern _____________

Answer 37

defense of slavery; Upset by growing abolitionism, southerners push back: (1) censor mail to stop abolition pamphlets
(2) pass “gag” rule to silence abolitionist petitions in Congress, (3) call slavery a “positive good” rather than a “necessary evil”