Period 4 Flashcards
Elizabeth Stanton
American writer and activist who was a leader of the women’s rights movement
Finney
minister, brilliant orator;revival of faith through individual effort; predestination destructive;
Cooper
novelist, American wilderness; ideal of independent individual and natural inner goodness;
Lucretia Mott
organized the Philadelphia Female Anti-Slavery Society; Quaker
Margaret Fuller
Her book Woman in the Nineteenth Century is considered the first major feminist work in the United States’
Nathaniel Hawthorne
American novelist and short story writer; wrote the Scarlett letter
Susan B Anthony
American social reformer and women’s rights activist who played a pivotal role in the women’s suffrage movement; Quaker
Ralph Emerson
essayist, lecturer, philosopher, abolitionist, and poet, Transcendentalist
Commonwealth v. Hunt (1842)
labor unions were lawful organizations, strike a lawful weapon
The Erie Canal connected what city to the Great Lakes
New York
result of the growth of a national market economy between 1815 and 1860
Increasing economic specialization, application of machinery to the mass production of goods, greater disparity of wealth between rich and poor Americans, organized labor movement, men working outside of the house
Samuel Morse
invented telegraph
Southern economy before the Civil War increasingly
produced more cotton and other crops but did not develop much industry
rise in manufacturing beginning in the early 1800s eventually resulted in
The emergence of a larger middle class in the North
“separate spheres” for the sexes encouraged
idealizing the home as a haven in a competitive world,
designating the home as the appropriate place for a woman, emphasizing childrearing as a prime duty of a woman, establishing a moral climate in the home, women intellectual inferior
Irish immigrants who came to the United States following the potato famine of the 1840s settled in
urban areas of the North
growth of a market-based economy in the United States in the early 1800s most directly influenced changes in gender roles by
As home and the workplace became separated, women were increasingly expected to be responsible for housework and childcare while men took jobs outside the home.
One distinguishing feature of the new middle class that emerged in the 1830s and 1840s was
the separation of economic production from the home and family life
Know Nothing movement was partially directed at reducing the influence of
Catholics
“the Lowell system” in early nineteenth-century New England
A plan to promote and expand textile manufacturing activities
1830’s, Cyrus cCormick imporved grain farming when he patented his
reaper
opening of the Erie Canal in 1825 was important because it
strengthened the ties between the eastern manufacturing and western agricultural regions
Frederick Douglass started an anti-slavery newspaper known as
The North Star
reform movements of the first half of the nineteenth century reflected which of the following impulses
an optimistic faith in human nature
Oneida
Free love, all married to each others, equality of the sexes
Shakers
Celibacy, equality of the sexes
Mormon
Poligamy
Thoreau
government that required an individual to violate his or her own morality had no legitimate authority
Nativism (+2 parties formed)
the policy of protecting the interests of native-born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants(bc of increase in immigration).
1. Native american party 1837
2. Know nothings Party
(Supreme order of the star-spangled banner 1850- ban from office, little naturalization, lit. test for voting;)
Telegraph and press affect on nation
And Erie Canal
Schism between North and South bc South had less industry; Erie canal connected NW and NE regions (industrial and agricultural);
Technology
Iron rails + truck lines, interchangeable parts, rotary press, specializaiton
Richard Howe
rotary press –> diffusion of newspapers quicker
Lowell System
a labor production system where the manufacturing process was done under one roof; employed young farm women who were unmarried; Strict regulations, curfew;
“Free Labor”
freedom of movement and mobility; North took pride in this
“express contract”
attempts to limit and control the conditions of the workplace; they could only work more hours if they signed the contract; also same with children; MA, NH, PA
Lower birth rates because of
contraceptives and abortions; more people celibate
Irish immigrants
came from the potatoe famine 1845-52 –> came with little to no money –> worked for low wages and in poverty; settle in NE cities, cheap labor, most songle women; Catholic, like to drink; vote democratic
German immigrants
Families escape econonmy collapse and revolution; had some money, most single man; vote democratic
De Bow
advocate for Southern power
whitemannism
America is for white Americans
Medicine
- water cure (cholera epidemics 1830-40)
- Graham and eating well
- phrenology
- anesthetics from a dentist
- basic knowledge of disease from folk practices(small pox)
Prudence Candell
Tried to let some black girls into her school, but a mob burned down the school and had her jailed;
Elijah lovejoy
Wrote and abolitionist newspaper ; attacked three times and then he was shot and killed by a mob
Garrisons newspapre
The liberator
John Calhoun
argued that slavery was a positive good for the enslaved on the floor of the US Senate
2nd great awakening resulted in
conversion to evangelical Christianity
Support for slavery in the Southern states was based
on the fact that the bible condones slavery, Slaveholders believed that slaves were inferior and required White guardianship, White plantation owners feared abolition would destroy the South’s economy, Poor White farmers feared the economic competition of four million freed persons
women’s movement in the antebellum period was characterized by
close links with the antislavery and temperance movements, conventions in the Northeast and the Midwest, but not the South, involvement of middle-class women, platform of legal and educational rights,
Women did not
demand for equal compensation for equal work
subsisitence farming/comercial farming
farming just what a family needs to live with a little extra/ growing cash crops or growing only one type of plant to be traded
