Period 3 Flashcards
The Connecticut (great) Compromise
- suggested by Ben Franklin
- Virginia based in population
- New Jersey based on equality
New Jersey Plan
- small state got together & respond with it
- kept most of Article of Confederation, just strengthen national government
- unicameral legislature, one state; one vote
What is based on in representation in the house ?
Based on population
What based on in representation in the senate?
Based on equality
3/5 Compromise
Delegates compromise 60%; counting slaves as 3/5
Slave trade compromise
- prohibit slave import, delay 20 years, 1807 slaveholder could be tax $10 per import slave
- constitution implicitly recognize slavery
- 1807 congress abolish slave importation
- 1865, 13th amendment abolish it
Who should declare war?
Constitution said CONGRESS had right to declare war
Bill of right
- sept 12-17: delegate tune in final draft, voting until last day
- Written by James Madison
Federalist
- support constitution
- stress weakness of Article
- led by James Madison/ Alexander Hamilton
Anti-federalist
- Patrick Henry, John Hancock, Samuel Adam
- oppose constitution -object ratification method, absence mention of God, denial of state right to print $
Congress
- makes law(meet in Capitol)
- senate: 2 from each state
- House of Representatives
Presidency
Executes, enforce law
Federal courts
Interpret law
Federalism
Power is divided between federal (national or central) government/ 50 states
Limited government
Gov only does what it is to authorized to do by people in constitution
Republicanism
Vote to elect people to represent us in congress
Popular sovereignty
People have power
Majority rule with minority rights
Accept results of election/ representative decision but remember to respect rifts of those who lost votes of election (minority)
The Bill of Rights
Protect our basic rights/ liberties from federal interference; added to constitution
1st Amendment
Freedom of…
- religion (separation of church/ state)
- assembly(right to gather peacefully)
- press (to criticize the gov in print)
- petition ( the gov for grievance)
- speech ( to criticize the government)
2nd Amendment
Right to keep and bear arms(weapons) i
3rd Amendment
No quartering of soldiers in home (can’t do it during peacetime)
4th Amendment
No search/seizure without a warrant or “probable cause”
5th Amendment
No double jeopardy (cannot be tried for same crime twice)
- canning compel to be witness against yourself (“plead or take the fifth”)
6th Amendment
-rights of the accused A. Right to a speedy/public trial B. Right to lawyer C. Right to be inform of charge D. Right to be confronted by witness
7th Amendment
Edit to trial the jury
8th Amendment
No cruel nor unusual punishment
9th Amendment
Unenumerated(list) right
- Just because some rights are not listed doesn’t mean they do not exist
- Basic for rights of:
- privacy
- birth control
- abortion
10th Amendment
Reserve power
- powers not listed or specifically denied are reserved to the states
Judiciary Act of 1789
- set number of Supreme Court judges at 6 (changed to 9 in 1869)
- est. 3 circuit courts and 13 district court
Revenue Laws (for source of income)
- tariffs on imported good
Thomas Jefferson
- 1st Secretary of State
- in $2
Henry Knox
1st (largest) secretary of war
Sugar Act (1764)
- tax sugar to reduce illegal trade
- vice-admiralty court (punish smugglers)
Current Act (1764)
- colonist could no longer use paper money
- printing because shortage of it
Stamp Act (1765)
- tax on paper doc: newspaper, etc.
- colonist upset by/c passed without consent of colonial assembly
- 1st “internal” tax, so it affected more people directly instead of “external”
Federalist Paper
- John Jay
- Madison
- Hamilton
Patrick Henry and The Virginia Resolves
- believes Americans had rights as ENGLISH
- Virginians should pay tax that were passed by VA assembly
James Otis
Called for “inter colonial congress” to take action against stamp act
Sons of Liberty
Terrorized stamp act collectors
Declaratory Act
- passed after repeal of Stamp Act
- stated parliament can pass any law
Charles Townshend
Official state of national treasury
Quartering Act if 1765
- Colonist must provide shelters and supplies for British soldiers
- NY disbanded for not complying
Townshend Duties
- tax on import “external”
- isn’t as upset as Stamp act
Tea Act of of 1773
-lower cost of tea but design to bail out of British E. India Comp., anger colonist
Quebec Act
Extended boundaries of Quebec south closing off western expansion of 13 colonies
- granted political rights to Roman Catholics
Jean-Jocaques Rousseau
Enlightment thinker advocate legal and political equality for all
Battle of bunker hill
- 1st battle America did to Britain
- led to moral and belief increase in military
- America lost
Battle of Saratoga (Oct. 1777)
- Amer. ( Gate) defeated Brit (Burgoyne)
- French aid/ alliance
