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chemistry > period 3 > Flashcards

period 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Na + Oxygen

A

4Na + O2 –> 2Na2O
yellow flame
white solid

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2
Q

Magnesium + oxygen

A

2Mg + O2 –> 2MgO
white flame
white solid smoke

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3
Q

Aluminium + oxygen

A

4Al + 3O2 –> 2Al2O3
white flame
white solid smoke

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4
Q

Silicon + oxygen

A

Si + O2 –> SiO2
white flame
white solid smoke

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5
Q

Phosphorus + oxygen

A

4P + 5O2 –> P4O10
white solid
white flame

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6
Q

Sulfure + oxygen

A

S + O2 –> SO2
blue flame
acidic choking gas

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7
Q

Ionic Giant Lattice (which metals, what properties)

A

. Na2O, MgO, Al2O3
. Strong forces of attraction: high mp
.

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8
Q

Na2O + H20

A

. Na2O + H2O –> 2Na+ + 2OH-
. pH 13
. Vigorous exothermic reaction

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9
Q

MgO + H2O

A

. MgO + H2O –> Mg(OH)2
. pH 9
. only slightly soluble in water as its lattice is stronger - fewer free OH- ions produced.

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10
Q

Al2O3 + H2O

A

. Does not dissolve in water
. Due to high ionic lattice strength
. Neutral pH 7

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11
Q

SiO2 + H2O

A

. Does not dissolve in water
. Due to macromolecular structure
. Neutral pH 7

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12
Q

P4O10 + H2O

A

. P4O10 + 6H2O –> 4H3PO4
. pH 0
. Vigorous exothermic reaction

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13
Q

SO2 + H2O

A

. SO2 + H2O –> H2SO3
. pH 3 (weak acid)
. SO2 + H2O –> H+ + HSO3-

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14
Q

SO3 + H2O

A

SO3 + H2O –> H2SO4
. pH 0
. SO3 + H2O –> H+ + HSO4-

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15
Q

Magnesium reaction with steam

A

Mg + H2O –> MgO + H2
. white solid
. Bright white flame

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16
Q

Outline an experiment to show that MgO is ionic

A

Melt it - molten oxide would conduct electricity.

17
Q

Explain why the atomic radii of the elements decrease across Period 3 from sodium to chlorine.

A

. Number of protons increases

. So attraction between nucleus and electrons increases.

18
Q

Explain why sodium oxide forms an alkaline solution when reacting with water

A

Has O2- ions

which react with water to form OH- ions

19
Q

Explain why magnesium has a higher melting point than sodium

A

Mg2+ has a higher charge than Na+

Attracts delocalised electrons more strongly

20
Q

Suggest why silicon dioxide is described as an acidic oxide even though it is insoluble in water.

A

It reacts with bases.

21
Q

Amphoteric definition

A

Acts as both an acid and an alkali

22
Q

What metal oxide is amphoteric

A

Al3O4

23
Q

Al2O3 + NaOH

A

Al2O3 + 2NaOH + 3H2O –> 2NaAl(OH)4

24
Q

Al2O3 + HCl

A

Al2O3 + 6HCl –> 2AlCl3 + 3H2O

25
Q

MgO + phosphoric acid

A

3MgO + 2H3PO4 –> Mg3(PO4)2 + 3H2O

chemistry (8 decks)

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