Period 2 review

Question 1

Cecil Calvert

Answer 1

Created Maryland colony that would be a Centrepoint for toleration of Catholics (British)

Question 2

Act of Toleration

Answer 2

The first colonial statue granting religious freedom to all Christians, but it called for death of all non-Christians. It was created to provide a safe haven for Catholics

Question 3

Roger Williams

Answer 3

A respected Puritan minister who believed that the individual’s conscience was beyond the control of any civil or church authority. He was banished from the Bay colony for his beliefs. In 1636, he founded the settlement of Providence

Question 4

Providence

Answer 4

This settlement has founded in 1636 by Roger Williams

Question 5

Anne Hutchinson

Answer 5

This Puritan believed in antinomianism and was banished from the Bay colony because of her beliefs. In 1638, she founded the colony of Portsmouth.

Question 6

Antinomianism

Answer 6

The idea that faith alone, not deeds, is necessary for salvation.

Question 7

Rhode Island

Answer 7

In 1644, Parliament granted Roger Williams a charter, joining Providence and Portsmouth into a single colony, Rhode Island.

Question 8

Halfway covenant

Answer 8

In the 1660s, people could now take part in church services and activities without making a formal commitment to Christ. It was created because the next generation of colonists were less committed to religious faith, but churches still needed members.

Question 9

Quakers

Answer 9

Members of the Religious Society of Friends who believed in the equality of men and women, nonviolence, and resistance to military service.

Question 10

William Penn

Answer 10

In 1681, the royal family paid a large debt by granting his family a large parcel of American land. This Quaker, formed a colony that he named Pennsylvania.

Question 11

Holy Experiment

Answer 11

William Penn wanted a colony to provide a religious refuge for Quakers and other persecuted people, enact liberal ideas in government, and generate income and profits for himself.

Question 12

Charter of Liberties

Answer 12

In 1701, the Pennsylvania colony created this written constitution which guaranteed freedom of worship for all and unrestricted immigration.

Question 13

Rice Plantations

Answer 13

These plantations required a loarge land area and many slaves.

Question 14

Tobacco Farms

Answer 14

As Tobacco prices fell, rice and indigo became the most profitable crops.

Question 15

John Cabot

Answer 15

First Englishman to explore lands in North America which England would later settle in the early 1600’s.

Question 16

Jamestown

Answer 16

In 1607, the first permanent English colony in America was founded at this location.

Question 17

Captain John Smith

Answer 17

Because of his forceful leadership, Jamestown barely survived its first five years.

Question 18

John Rolfe

Answer 18

He helped Jamestown develop a new variety of tobacco which became popular in Europe and became a profitable crop.

Question 19

Pocahontas

Answer 19

She was the American Indian wife of John Rolfe in early settlement days in Jamestown.

Question 20

Puritans

Answer 20

Group of dissenters that wanted to purify the Church of England. In 1630 they founded the Massachusetts Bay Colony at Boston.

Question 21

Separatists

Answer 21

Radical dissenters to the Church of England, They became known as Pilgrims.

Question 22

Mayflower

Answer 22

In 1620, the boat that the Pilgrims sailed to Plymouth.

Question 23

Plymouth Colony

Answer 23

This colony was started by the Pilgrims at Plymouth (Massachusetts).

Question 24

John Winthrop

Answer 24

In 1630, he led about a thousand Puritans to America and and founded Boston and several other towns.

Question 25

Great Migration

Answer 25

This movement started because of a civil war in England. Nearly 15,000 settlers came to the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

Question 26

Virginia

Answer 26

Sir William Berkeley, the royal governor of Virginia use dictatorial powers to govern on behalf of the large planters.

Question 27

Thomas Hooker

Answer 27

In 1636, he led a large group of Boston Puritans to found Hartford, which is now Connecticut. In 1639 they drew up the first written constitution in American history.

Question 28

John Davenport

Answer 28

In 1637, he founded a settlement south of Hartford, by the name of New Haven Ct.

Question 29

Connecticut

Answer 29

In 1665, New Haven and Hartford joined to form the colony of Connecticut under a royal charter.

Question 30

New Hampshire

Answer 30

Hoping to increase royal control in the colonies, King Charles II separated New Hampshire from Massachusetts in 1679 and made it a royal colony.

Question 31

The Carolinas

Answer 31

n 1663, King Charles II granted eight nobles the Carolinas. In 1729, the Carolinas were split into two royal colonies. In South Carolina, the economy was based on the fur trade and growing food for the West Indies, which led to many plantations. In North Carolina, there were many small tobacco farms and fewer plantations.

Question 32

Mayflower Compact

Answer 32

In 1620, while they were sailing to America on the Mayflower, the Pilgrims created this document that pledged them to make decisions by the will of the majority. It was a rudimentary written constitution.

Question 33

House of Burgesses

Answer 33

In 1619, just 12 years after the founding of Jamestown, Virginia’s colonists organized the first representative assembly in America

Question 34

Sir William Berkeley

Answer 34

Royal Governor of Virginia who favored large plantation owners and did not support or protect smaller farms from Indian raids. He put down Bacon’s rebellion in 1676.

Question 35

Bacon’s Rebellion

Answer 35

In 1676, Nathaniel Bacon led a group of army volunteers that raided Native American villages, fought the governor’s forces, and set fire to Jamestown. The rebellion was caused by the Governor’s unfair favoritism of large plantation owners and refusal to protect small farms from Native American raids.

Question 36

proprietary colonies

Answer 36

Colonies under the authority of individuals granted charters of ownership by the king

Question 37

Chesapeake Colonies

Answer 37

In 1632, the area once known as the Virginia colony, has divided into the Virginia and Maryland colony.

Question 38

mercantilism

Answer 38

An economic policy in which the colonies were to provide raw materials to the parent country of growth and profit of the parent country.

Question 39

Navigation Acts

Answer 39

Between 1650 and 1673 England passed a series of acts which establish rules for colonial trade.

Question 40

Dominion of New England

Answer 40

James II wanted to increase royal control in the colonies, so he combined them into larger units and abolished their representative assemblies.

Question 41

indentured servants

Answer 41

Young people from England under contract with a master who paid for their passage. Worked for a specified period for room and board, then they were free.

Question 42

headright system

Answer 42

A method for attracting immigrants, Virginia offered 50 acres of land to each immigrant who paid for passage to America and to any plantation owner who paid for an immigrants passage.

Question 43

slavery

Answer 43

The first slaves arrived in the colonies in 1619, they were not slaves for life, but worked for a period of time, like an indentured servant.

Question 44

1st permanent English colony in North America

Answer 44

Jamestown in 1607 in Virginia

Question 45

A joint stock company was set up under..

Answer 45

The Virginia Company

Question 46

What was the cash crop of colonial Virginia?

Answer 46

tobacco

Question 47

What did Georgia serve as?

Answer 47

a buffer colony against Spanish and French threat

Question 48

The New England colonies had…

Answer 48

religious motives for colonization.

Question 49

Governor William Bradford

Answer 49

Governor of Plymouth; abandoned communal living and distributed farmland among families

Question 50

The NE colonies valued

Answer 50

Importance of religion, family, and education

Question 51

_____________ became an important part of direct democracy in colonial America (all church going males could participate).

Answer 51

Town Hall Meeting

Question 52

Roger Williams Called for complete separation of _________and criticized the colonies treatment of Native Americans

Answer 52

church and state

Question 53

New Lights vs. Old Lights

Answer 53

New Lights brought new ideas, rejected by Old Lights; both sought out institutions independent of each other

Question 54

The Great Awakening was a ___________ in the 1730-1740s that spread throughout the colonies

Answer 54

religious revival

Question 55

Jonathan Edwards

Answer 55

Preacher during the First Great Awakening; “Sinners in the hands of angry god”

Question 56

George Whitefield

Answer 56

introduced a new energized style of evangelical preaching.

Question 57

Stono Uprising, 1739 South Carolina

Answer 57

one of few slave revolts in Colonial America. Slaves tried to get to Florida for freedom

Question 58

Salem Witch Trials: Salem, Massachusetts 1692

Answer 58

19 people hung and 1 pressed to death