Period 1: 1491-1607

Question 1

mongolians who came to America 11,000 years ago

Answer 1

Clovis

Question 2

crossed over the Bering Strait into America

Answer 2

Clovis

Question 3

only evidence of first Americans

Answer 3

archaeological

Question 4

before the Clovis, people migrated to South America using —-

Answer 4

boats

Question 5

the Clovis likely —-ed other migrants

Answer 5

eliminated

Question 6

8000 BCE to 3000 BCE

Answer 6

Archaic Period

Question 7

during the Archaic Period, the first —- formed

Answer 7

sedentary settlements

Question 8

pre-columbus South American civilization led by Pachacuti; created the largest empire in the Americas

Answer 8

Incas

Question 9

pre-colbumus Meso-American civilization that developed sophisticated systems such as a written language

Answer 9

Mayans

Question 10

pre-columbus Meso-Americans who came after the Mayans; human sacrifice was a large part of their religion

Answer 10

Mexica (Aztec)

Question 11

island in central mexico establisted by the Mexica; greatest city in the Americas at the time

Answer 11

Tenochtitlán

Question 12

Early American civilizations were still —- —- than civilizations on other continents

Answer 12

technologically worse

Question 13

pre-columbus societies in the North were —- than those in the South

Answer 13

smaller

Question 14

four locations of pre-columbus hunting, gathering, and fishing societies

Answer 14

arctic circle, northern forests, northwest coast, far west

Question 15

pre-columbus agricultural tribes in the East used —- to gather food

Answer 15

a variety of techniques

Question 16

region of sedentary pre-columbus tribes with the greatest food resources

Answer 16

East

Question 17

region of sedentary pre-colmbus tribes that farmed corn and grains

Answer 17

Great Plains

Question 18

region of sedentary pre-columbus tribes with large trading networks

Answer 18

South

Question 19

region of more nomadic agricultural pre-colombus tribes

Answer 19

North-East

Question 20

pre-columbus tribes in the North East

Answer 20

used quick exploitative farming

Question 21

pre-columbus tribes East of Mississippi River

Answer 21

loosely connected by linguistic roots

Question 22

In the last centuries before Columbus, Native Americans —-

Answer 22

experienced an agricultural revolution

Question 23

how many regions of pre-columbus agricultural socities were there in america?

Answer 23

5

Question 24

region of sedentary pre-columbus tribes with more elaborate settlements

Answer 24

Southwest

Question 25

after the black plague, due to the increase of affluence in Europe, interest in ---- increased

Answer 25

foriegn goods

Question 26

after the rise of commerce following the black plague, Europe changed from many small kingdoms into ----

Answer 26

centralized nation-states

Question 27

led the first daring sea voyages; financed by Portugal

Answer 27

Prince Henry

Question 28

leading maritime power in the 15th century

Answer 28

Portugal

Question 29

what motivated Columbus aside from an interest in geography

Answer 29

religion

Question 30

rulers of Spain's new monarchy

Answer 30

Ferdinand and Isabella

Question 31

in an attempt to demonstrate Spain's strength, funded Columbus's voyage

Answer 31

Isabella

Question 32

devoted greater resources to maritime exploration; replaced Portugal as leading seafaring nation

Answer 32

Spain

Question 33

came to the Americas after Columbus on a Portuguese exploration

Answer 33

Amerigo Vespucci

Question 34

Spaniard who fought across Ithmus of Panama; first known European to gaze westward at the Pacific Ocean

Answer 34

Vasco de Balboa

Question 35

known as most brutal spanish conquistador; led a military expedition into Mexico and overtook Aztecs with smallpox

Answer 35

Cortés

Question 36

a wave of conquistadors came to america in hopes of obtaining ----

Answer 36

silver

Question 37

spanish-american mines had ----

Answer 37

large yields of silver and gold

Question 38

the wealthiest nation for a time, after they obtained the abundence of gold and silver in american mines

Answer 38

Spain

Question 39

Spain abided by the Church's wishes and ---- in their new territories

Answer 39

required Catholocism

Question 40

conquistador who led a fruitless expedition; first white man to cross Mississippi River

Answer 40

Hernado de Soto

Question 41

conquistador; conquered Peru; revealed to Europeans the wealth of the incas

Answer 41

Franciso Pizarro

Question 42

conquistador; led fruitless expedition in modern-day New Mexico

Answer 42

Francisco Coronado

Question 43

conquistadors ---- native populations in some areas

Answer 43

almost exterminated

Question 44

---- usually accompanied missions

Answer 44

military garrisons

Question 45

spanish fort, first permanent European settlement in what is now the US, established 1565

Answer 45

St. Augustine, Florida

Question 46

licenses to exact labor and tribute from natives

Answer 46

encomiendas

Question 47

led colonizing venture North from mexico in 1598; claimed some of the Pueblo's land and established Santa Fe; distributed encomiendas to Spanish settlers of the colony

Answer 47

Oñate

Question 48

at Santa Fe, Oñate's harsh treatment of the natives ----

Answer 48

threatened the colony's stability

Question 49

result of instability and religious supression from spanish settlers at Santa Fe

Answer 49

Pueblo Revolt of 1680

Question 50

the Pueblo ---- in the Pueblo Revolt of 1680

Answer 50

captured Santa Fe

Question 50

after the Pueblo Revolt of 1680, the Spanish and Peublo ----

Answer 50

slowly grew closer

Question 51

Spain imposed ---- on trade with its American colonies

Answer 51

regid restrictions

Question 52

the economic development of Spanish colonies in the americas was stifled because making ---- profitable was never a priority

Answer 52

commerce

Question 53

the Spanish didn't ---- their colonies like other European countries did

Answer 53

people

Question 54

years of period one

Answer 54

1491-1607

Question 55

principal source of labor for Europeans

Answer 55

native americans

Question 56

the home of most African slaves

Answer 56

Guinea (West Africa)

Question 57

native americans ---- european culture (language, religion) with their own

Answer 57

combined

Question 58

because the overwhelming majority of Europeans living in the americas were men, ---- became frequent

Answer 58

intermarriage

Question 59

due to frequent intermarraige, Spanish colonies in the americas became dominated by people of ----

Answer 59

mixed race

Question 60

the racial categories of Spanish colonies in americas became more ---- as a result of intermarriage

Answer 60

fluid

Question 61

--- are usually matrilineal, political power is divided by gender, and slavery was practiced but more humanely

Answer 61

african socities

Question 62

demand for ---- from west africa drastically increased in 16th century

Answer 62

slaves