perio biofilm

Question 1

what are the 4 major strructures that the periodontum is composed of

Answer 1

• gingiva
• periodontal ligaments
• alveolar bone
• cementum

Question 2

what does a healthy periodontium look like

Answer 2

• pink/racial pigmentation
• stippled
• knife edge margin of tooth
• papillae fill interdental space
• no bleeding on probing

Question 3

what does an unhealthy periodontium look like

Answer 3

• swollen red gingiva
• loss of knife edge margin
• papillae over or under filling interdental space
• loss of stippling
• bleeding on probing

Question 4

what is calculus/tartar

Answer 4

mineralised plaque that forms when plaque biofilm isn’t removed

Question 5

what are the 2 types of calculus

Answer 5

supragingival calculus - above gingival margin
subgingival calculus - below gingival margin

Question 6

what is supra gingival calculus

Answer 6

light yellow-brown
heaviest opposite salivary ducts
lingual lower incisors
buccal upper molars

fairly hard and brittle

detect using prob and drying with 3 in 1 air - will go matte

Question 7

what is subgingival calculus

Answer 7

dark green-black colour
forms within periodontal pockets
attatched to root surface

Question 8

definition of biofilm

Answer 8

name given to microbial communities attached to surface

Question 9

what is a periodontal pocket

Answer 9

pocket developes between the tooth and gingiva as a result of plaque biofilm gingivial swelling and tissure damage

Question 10

what are the 2 types of pockets

Answer 10

false pocket - base of pocket is at or is coronal(above) the ameiocemental junction

true pocket - base of pocket is below/apical to the amelocemental junction
- distance from ACJ to base of pocket

Question 11

what is loss of attachment

Answer 11

when the base of the pocket is below/apical the ameolocemental junction

Question 12

what is gingivistis and how can u tell it is that

Answer 12

reversible biofilm/plaque-induced inflammation of gingival tissues with no loss of attachment and no bone loss
no permenant damage

• pockets present with base of pocket at or above the amelocenmental junction
• bleeding on probing

Question 13

what is periodontitis

Answer 13

• biofilm/plaque induced inflammation resulting in permanent loss of periodontal support structures
• loss of attachment
• root exposed
• successful routine treatment only prevents further damage
• true pockets

Question 14

why is it important to remove calculus

Answer 14

rough surface which encourages further plaque accumulation promoting periodontal inflammation

Question 15

when can calculus be more difficult to remove

Answer 15

deep pockets
access more difficult if its further back in mouth
narrow pockets
anatomy