perio

Question 1

what is the normal bony remodelling with implants

Answer 1

less then 2mm

Question 2

when you have bony remodelling when are you thinking peri- implantiitis

Answer 2

more than 2mm in one year

Question 3

pregnancy and perio

Answer 3

increased vascular permeability

3 month recall

Question 4

menopause and perio

Answer 4

increased but doesn’t decrease with HRT

Question 5

genetics and perio

Answer 5

can be up to 50% in younger pt

Question 6

stress and perio

Answer 6

oHI,diet ect

and reduced leukocyte function, altered cytokine profile, salivary changes

Question 7

medications and gingival hyperplasia

Answer 7

Anti-epileptic drugs- Phenytoin 1-84%(50 average)

Calcium-channel blockers-Nifedipine - 33%- 70% in kids

Immunosuppressants-Cyclosporin- 42%
verapamil, amlodipine, felodipine, diltiazem-5%

ohi- better but won’t prevent

Question 8

history and ghp

Answer 8

increased fibroblasts and college and vascularity

Question 9

pathology and ghp

Answer 9

unknown but it was thought more fibroblast proliferation

Question 10

perio and diabetes

Answer 10

increased AGE/RAGE promote inflammation and increased inflmmatory cytokines

Question 11

diabetes mechanism

Answer 11

Microvascular damage, affecting leukocyte/nutrient delivery

Altered collagen turnover→ ↑periodontal breakdown/↓ periodontal healing

PMN dysfunction

Heightened production of inflammatory mediators (PGE2, cytokines, MMPs)

Persistent hyperglycaemia results in glycosyation of proteins, forming AGEs

AGEs (advanced glycation end products) responsible for much of the above.

Question 12

eds tyes and perio

Answer 12

type 8 is the worse (sever-tooth losss before 30 yrs) followed by 4

Question 13

downs syndrome and perio

Answer 13

to be 58%-96%
mouth breathing/mouth breathing/poor tooth to crown ratio

Alterations in immune response, neutrophil chemotaxis/phagocytosis

Question 14

leukaemia

Answer 14

proliferation of leukaemic

thrombocytopenia -gingival bleeding

Question 15

neutropenia

Answer 15

rolonged fall in circulating neutrophils•Multiple forms-congenital or acquired•Variable periodontal manifestations, including:◦Ulceration/necrosis of marginal gingivae◦Gingival bleeding◦Generalised severe periodontal disease

Question 16

neutropenia

Answer 16

fall in neutrophils

• Ulceration/necrosis of marginal gingivae
• Gingival bleeding
• Generalised severe periodontal disease

Chediak-Higashi syndrome•Autosomal recessive condition
Impaired neutrophil function
Severe periodontal disease even at a young age

Question 17

Leukocyte adhesion-deficiency syndrome

Answer 17

Leukocyte adhesion-deficiency syndrome•Single gene defect•Clinical features◦Impaired wound healing◦Prone to severe infections◦Periodontitis and acute gingivitis

Question 18

Hypophosphatasia

Answer 18

increase alkaline phosphates and therefore poor bone and tooth formation loss mention early nd also prone to hypoplasia

Question 19

what is supportive pd therapy

Answer 19

it is reviews after pintail therapy including pocket depths scaling and some localised psi- 3 months at first and then different intervals later