Perinatal Urology

Question 1

What is the incidence of renal abnormalities detected on prenatal testing?

Answer 1

0.28% -1.4%

Question 2

What is the definition of prenatal hydronephrosis?

Answer 2

Anteroposterior diameter greater than 5mm.

Question 3

Large non communicating renal cysts on prenatal US?

Answer 3

Multicystic dysplastic kidney

Question 4

Appearance of ARPKD on prenatal US?

Answer 4

Highly echogenic kidney

Question 5

What does the keyhole sign mean on perinatal US?

Answer 5

Dilated posterior urethra. Posterior urethral valves.

Question 6

Fetus is found to have antenatal hydronephrosis. What is the management?

Answer 6

Repeat RUS >48 hours after birth.

Question 7

How should severe ANH be managed?

Answer 7

infants with severe ANH should be placed on a prophylactic antibiotic (amoxicillin, 10 to 25 mg/kg/day) and undergo VCUG.

Question 8

What is the management of bilateral ANH?

Answer 8

RUS and VCUG promptly after birth

Question 9

What is the most common cause of BL ANH in males?

Answer 9

Posterior urethral valves.

Question 10

What is the most common cause of BL ANH in Females?

Answer 10

Obstructing ureterocele.