Perífrasis Flashcards

1
Q

What does empezar a + infinitivo mean

– Mi padre ha empezado a pintar mi retrato.

A

Comienzo

To begin doing something

– My father has begun to paint my portrait.

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2
Q

What does ponerse a + infinitivo mean

– Me tengo que poner a estudiar para el examen del martes. ¡Es pasado mañana!

A

Comienzo

(‘to start to do something’)

I have to start to study for Tuesday’s exam. It’s the day after tomorrow!

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3
Q

Echar(se) a + infinitivo

Saltó el pájaro y éste echo a volar -

A

Comienzo

To suddenly start something

The bird jumped up and began to fly

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4
Q

llevar + gerundio

¡Llevo haciendo dieta durante 3 semanas y aún no he perdido ni un kilo!

A

Accion en progreso

(‘to lead to do something’)

– I have been going on a diet for 3 weeks and I haven’t lost a kilo yet!

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5
Q

seguir + gerundio

– Laura sigue trabajando para la empresa.

A

Accion en progreso

(‘to continue to do something’)

– Laura continues working for the entreprise.

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6
Q

What is a perífras

A

A combination of two verbs that function as one

Helper verb conjugated + main verb (infinitive/gerund/participial)

Infinitive = cantar 
Gerundio = cantando 
Participio = cantado
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7
Q

ir a + infinitivo

Vamos a salir esta noche.

A

to be going to

We are going to go out tonight.

sed to talk about future plans

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8
Q

“tener que + infinitivo”

Tengo que estudiar mucho para el examen mañana

A

have to

which express obligation and necessity
I have to study a lot for the exam tomorrow

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9
Q

llevar + participio

– Llevo escritas 200 páginas de mi tesis.

A

(‘to have done something’)

– I have written 200 pages of my thesis.

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10
Q

deber + infinitivo

Debéis leer El Quijote este verano.

A

(‘to have to do something’)

You have to read El Quixote this summer.

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11
Q

acabar de + infinitivo

– Acababa de salir de casa cuando empezó a llover.

A

(‘to have just done something’)

– I had just left the house when it started to rain

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12
Q

estar + gerundio

– No puedo salir ahora, estoy estudiando para el examen del martes.

A

(‘to be doing something’)

– I can’t go out now, I’m studying for Tuesday’s exam

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13
Q

NO ACABAR DE + infinitivo

El alumno no acaba de entender el problema.

A

The student does not understand the problem.

Action is completed

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14
Q

Poder + infinitivo

Puedo hablar español

A

To be able to

I can speak Spanish

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15
Q

Dejar de + infinitivo

Dejar de fumar

A

To stop/quit

Quite smoking

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16
Q

volver a + infinitive
Vuelvo a leer el libro.

Cristina vuelve a conversar con mi mamá.

A

to do something again

I read the book again.
Christina speaks with my mom again.

17
Q

Deber + infinitivo

Debo limpiar mi casa

A

Obligación