Peri-op Care: Nutrition Flashcards
What are the average daily kilocalorie requirements of a patient?
~1800 kcal/day
What are the consequences of starvation prior to surgery?
Impaired wound healing, decreased immunity, increased post-op complications
What additional demands does surgery place on the nutritional status of the body?
- increases requirements by 20-100%
- lipids become major fuel - catabolic state
What is the difference between enteral and parenteral feeding? When is each use?
- Enteral = feed delivered into GI tract, always preferred option
- Parenteral = feed delivered intravenously, e.g. when GI tract not intact or is not functioning (ileus, fistula, massive small bowel resection)
When is nasogastric feeding used?
Swallowing difficulties, anorexia, delayed oral feeding after op.
When is nasojejunal feeding used?
Patients requiring post-pyloric feeding, e.g. acute pancreatitis
When is gastrostomy (surgical or PEG) used?
Stroke or upper GI anastamoses/obstruction
When is jejunostomy feeding used?
Patients at risk of gastric and pulmonary aspiration, patients requiring long term enteric feeding