Peri-Anal Disorders - Haemorrhoids, Peri-anal abscess, Anal Fistula, Anal Fissure, Flashcards
What is a haemorrhoid?
Also known as piles
Swollen veins around the anus that disrupts anal cushiom
What is a haemorrhoid?
Also known as piles
Swollen of the veins around the rectum and anus that disrupts anal cushion
MC - due to exceessive straining and anal sex
Two types of haemorrhoids
Internal: Above rectal plexus (dentate line):
-not as painful as less sensory innervations
-feels like incomplete emptying
-covered in mucus
External: below dentate line
-very painful and cant sit down
Clinical features of haemorrhoids
Bright red bleeding
Discomfort/pain
Pruritis ani - bum itch
Tenemus - Pain on passing stools
Treatment of haemorrhoids
Stool softeners
High fibre diet
Band ligation
What are Peri-anal Abccess
Puss filled cavity in the anus appearing as a superficial tender red lump under the skin
MC caused by anal sex causing anal gland infection
How do peri-anal abscess px
Pus In stools
Tenesmus
Dx Peri-anal Abccess
Clinical diagnosis - visually seen
Tx Peri-anal Abccess
Surgical excision/drianage
What is an anal fistula
Tunnel/canal formation between the end of the bowel and skin near the anus
Typically progresses from peri-anal abscesses. when pus drains away it leaves a small channel fistula
patient present w/
blood/mucus stools - painful
What is an anal Fissure
Tear in the anal skin below dentate line mc due to extra hard stool
Patients px w/
extreme defecation pain
pruritis ari
anal bleeding
What is a pilonidal sinus abscess
hair follicles get stuck in natal cleft - bum crack
ingrown hair forms chanels which get infected and fills with pus in the bum crack
