Perfusion (Cardiovascular)

Question 1

Is the mitral valve on the left or the right side of the heart?

Answer 1

Left side

Question 2

Is the tricuspid valve on the left or the right side of the heart?

Answer 2

right side

Question 3

What are the 4 types of heart sounds?

Answer 3

1. S1
2. S2
3. S3
4. S4

Question 4

What sound is the S1 generally characterized as?

Answer 4

The “lub” sound of the heart

Question 5

What sound is the S2 generally characterized as?

Answer 5

The “dub” sound of the heart

Question 6

What sound is the S3 generally characterized as?

Answer 6

Ken-tuc-key

Question 7

Why does an S3 sound occur?

Answer 7

It occurs when the ventricle reaches its elastic limit

S3 + heat failure= poor prognosis

Question 8

What sound is the S4 generally characterized as?

Answer 8

Ten-ne-se-ee

Question 9

What is the S4 sound associated with?

Answer 9

active atrial contractions that cause late ventricular filling

Question 10

Where are the five areas to listen to the heart?

Answer 10

1. Aortic area
2. Pulmonic area
3. Tricuspid area
4. Erb’s point
5. Apical/Mitral

Question 11

Where is the aortic area to listen to the heart found?

Answer 11

in the second intercostal space on the right side of the sternum

Question 12

Where is the pulmonic area to listen to the heart found?

Answer 12

The second intercostal space on the left side of the sternum

Question 13

Where is the Erb’s point found?

Answer 13

In the third intercostal space on the left side of the sternum

Question 14

Where is the tricuspid area found?

Answer 14

In the fourth intercostal space just to the left of the sternum

Question 15

Where is the apical/mitral area found?

Answer 15

In the fifth intercostal space. It is almost in line with the left nipple

Question 16

Where are the 8 different pulses?

Answer 16

1. Carotid= neck
2. brachial= just in the nook of the arm, proximal to the body
3. Radial= thumb side of wrist
4. ulnar= pinkie side of wrist
5. Femoral= in the groin
6. popliteal= back of the knee
7. posterior tibial= in the little nook between the ankle and heal
8. dorsalis pedis= on the top of the foot in line with the tibia

Question 17

What number would a bounding pulse be considered?

Answer 17

4

Question 18

What number would a normal pulse be considered?

Answer 18

2

Question 19

What number would a weak pulse be considered?

Answer 19

1

Question 20

What number would an increased pulse be considered?

Answer 20

3

Question 21

What number would an absent or nonpalpable pulse be considered?

Answer 21

0

Question 22

What is stasis?

Answer 22

pooling of blood that can be caused by problems with the lumen or valves of leg veins

Question 23

What do capillaries do?

Answer 23

Exchange gases and nutrients between arterial and venous systems

Question 24

Where are the posterior auricular lymph nodes found/

Answer 24

Behind the ear

Question 25

Where are the Preauricular and parotid lymph nodes found?

Answer 25

Right in front of the ear

Question 26

Where are the occipital lymph nodes found?

Answer 26

On the back of the head (where the occipital bone is)

Question 27

Where are the Submandibular lymph nodes found?

Answer 27

Underneath the jaw

Question 28

Where are the Submental lymph nodes found?

Answer 28

Underneath the chin

Question 29

How would a nurse assess peripheral vascular adequacy?

Answer 29

Skin: symmetric, warm, smooth, pink, no edema, no clubbing
Capillary refill
Check all the pulses
Check the oral mucosa and the conjunctiva

Question 30

What are the five P’s of a circulatory assessment?

Answer 30

1. Pain
2. Pulse
3. Pallor
4. Paresthesia (ability to feel)
5. Paralysis